5- Socialization Flashcards
Socialization
-getting and spreading norms, cultures, beliefs
Primary Socialization
- occurs during childhood
- parents
- learning how to be a part of the population as a whole
Secondary Socialization
- learning how to be a part of a smaller group
ex) new job/work env - adolescents choosing an identity
Anticipatory Socialization
- prepare for future social change –> trying on a new role / learning a new env before entering it
ex) cohabitation before marriage
ex) college student paying rent at home before moving out
Re-socializatin
-discard old behaviors to make room for new ones
Norms
- define what is and isn’t acceptable behavior in society
- cultural expectation
ex) shake hands after sports match- sportsmanship
Folkways
- customs/norms that don’t hold any moral weight; breaking the norm isn’t that big of a deal
ex) not holding the door open for someone
ex) not wearing a tie to a fancy dinner
Mores
- norms that, when broken, have moral or legal consequences
ex) adultery
ex) not wearing clothes in public
Taboo
- legal consequences or shunning
- come as a result of disgust
ex) Incest, Beastiality, Murder, Divorce in some cultures
Freud used to say incest and patricide are 2 univ taboos but there are no univ taboos
Agents of socialization
Families, peers, religion, gov’t, media, work, school, ethnic background, social groups/clubs
as kids, most imp are parents/siblings
as adolescents- peers
Deviance
going against cultural norm
ex) a child tattle-tailing when you’re not supposed to
Social stigma
- dislike groups/people in groups that are outside of your group
ex) dislike people with HIV, short height, mental disorders- think of them as less of a person
Labeling theory
-can become a self-fulfilling prophecy
-affect one’s self-image
bad ex) stigmas- you are a schizophrenic vs you have schizophrenia
good ex) I have depression- first feel like a bad person, after diagnosis feel like oh I have something that can be fixed, I’m not alone
Conformity
match your attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs to society’s norms
internalization
integration of behaviors based on group you’re involved in; change your behaviors in a group while also agreeing w/ group
-stronger and more permanent than identification
Identification
accept others’ ideas w/o questioning
ex) celebrity endorsement in commercials
ex) Stockholm Syndrome- hostage likes captor
Compliance
- change behavior after direct request (they don’t have power over you)
ex) people who sell you things
Techniques to gain compliance
- Foot in door: ask you for something small followed by something big
ex) ask interviewer for glass of water, then more likely to get job
ex) ask for small investment, then bigger instead of big all at once
ex) ask them to put a political activist sign on your lawn- you’re more likely to vote for them
-Door in the face: ask for something big then something small
“well can you at least do this then”
-Lowballing- tell you a part of your responsibility, you’re there and they’re like actually you have to do all this too, well you’ve already started you might as well
- That’s-not-all (“but wait there’s more”)
- –infomercials- order this but wait if you do it now, i’ll double it
Obedience
- Change behavior based on direct order of authority figure
- Milgram’s shock study
- –some had person right next to participant, or touching (closer = less likely)
- more deindividuated/anonymous = more likely to administer lethal shocks
-Nazis- Nuremberg defense
