6. RADICAL DEMOCRACY

Question 1

Strand of radical democracy that challenges the neo-liberal and neo-conservative notions of democracy

Answer 1

Agonist

Question 2

Strand of radical democracy that holds that there is a need to extend the liberal definition of democracy to include not only freedom and equality, but difference

Answer 2

Agonist

Question 3

Argues that liberal and deliberative democracy, in seeking a consensus, oppress and marginalize difference in terms of opinions, races, classes, genders and worldviews

Answer 3

Agonist

Question 4

Holds that there are oppressive power structures and relations in society, and these should be made visible, re-negotiated and changed through a kind of democracy that focuses on difference and dissent

Answer 4

Agonist

Question 5

Associated with left-communist and post-Marxist ideas of Italian radicalism

Answer 5

Autonomist

Question 6

Focuses on the community:

• Seen as the pure constituted power instead of the deliberative rational individuals or the agonistic groups
• The community resembles a “plural multitude” (of people) instead of the working class in traditional Marxist theory
• This plural multitude is the pure constituted power and reclaims this power by searching and creating mutual understandings within the community

Answer 6

Autonomist

Question 7

Challenges the traditional thinking about equality and freedom in liberal democracies by stating that individual equality can be found in the singularities within the multitude

Answer 7

Autonomist

Question 8

Argues that democracy is focused on contestation and not rational consensus; the discourse is not based on violence but engages different aspects of political conflict

Answer 8

William E. Connolly

Question 9

Society does not emerge from consensus, compromising and looking for the best option, but from struggle and political contestation

Answer 9

Roberto Mangabeira Unger

Question 10

Proposed an empowered democracy, which would involve radical changes at politics in the center that would involve more social institutions in which everyone can interact, discuss and effectively empower themselves to drastically change economic, political and social circumstances

Answer 10

Roberto Mangabeira Unger

Question 11

Argues that agonistic radical democracy aligns with the ideal of participatory democracy; challenged the possibility of consensus

Answer 11

Sheldon S. Wolin

Question 12

This concept of democracy holds that political experience and the ordinary people are the primary political actors

Answer 12

Fugitive democracy by Wolin

Question 13

He argues that democracy is a political experience and the ordinary people are the primary political actors (fugitive democracy)

Answer 13

Sheldon S. Wolin