6 Physics - Model Of Matter Flashcards
what are properties of
solids
dont compress dont pour fixed shape fixed volume low kinetic energy particles very close strong attraction between particles
what are properties of
liquids
dont compress do pour shape of container fixed volume medium kinetic energy particles very close medium attraction between particles
what are properties of
gases
compress (large space between particles) do pour shape of container volume of container high kinetic energy particles very far very weak attraction between particles
what is brownian motion?
particles wobble on zig zag paths
what are evidences for kinetic theory?
diffusion - ammonia + hydrochloric acid forms smoke in middle of test tube
- potassium permanganate in water
evaporation - particles leave liquid if they have enough energy
solid expansion - hoop+ball
-gaps for expansion in tracks/roads
what is gas pressure caused by?
by gas particles colliding with each other or with a surface
what happens to pressure as you increase temperature?
heat increases pressure
when you increase temp. you are adding heat energy which makes the particles move faster and collide more often which increases pressure
they are directly proportional
what is gay-lussac’s law/pressure law?
for fixed mass of gas at constant volume, pressure is directly proportional to temperature (Kelvin)
temperature - pressure
equation?
P1 P2
___ = ___
T1 T2
degrees to kelvin?
C° + 273 = kelvin
what happens to pressure as you increase volume?
volume decreases pressure
when you increase volume there is more room for particles to move so they collide less often, decreasing pressure
pressure is inversely proportional to volume
what is boyle’s law?
for a fixed mass and temperature, pressure is inversely proportional to volume
volume - pressure
equation?
P1 x V1 = P2 x V2
what is the difference between evaporation and boiling?
evaporation - when a a particle near the top has enough energy to escape the liquid below its boiling point and form a gas
boiling - happens at boiling point, rapid form of evaporation at constant rate
what factors affect rate of evaporation?
temperature increases evap. : more kinetic energy the more particles have enough energy to escape
surface area increases evap. : there are more particles near tops more particles can leave
humidity decreases evap. : is there’s already lots of water in air not much more water will evaporate
wind increases evap. : air flow carries water molecules before they can return to liquid
