5 Chemistry - The Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

where are the alkali metals found?

A

group 1

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2
Q

what happens when alkali metals are added to water?

A

they react forming hydrogen gas

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3
Q

how do you test for hydrogen?

A

you place a burning splint in the test tube and it makes a squeaky noise if hydrogen is present

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4
Q

as you go down the periodic table what happens to the reactivity of the alkali metals?

A

it increases

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5
Q

what is general word equation for an alkali metal reacting with water?
give a balanced symbol equation

A

metal + water –> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

sodium + water –> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

2Na + 2H20 –> 2NaOH (aq) + H2

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6
Q

where are the halogens found?

A

group 7

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7
Q

why are halogens always in “two’s” ?

A

because they are diatomic, they need only one electron to fill the valence shell

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8
Q

as you go down the periodic table (increase atomic mass), what happens to reactivity of halogens?

A

it gets less reactive

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9
Q

halogens are able to displace which other halogens

A

the ones that are below it on the periodic table

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10
Q

what are displacement equations?

A

Cl2 + 2KBr –> 2KCl + Br2

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11
Q

what are properties of halogens?

A

form coloured gases

are poisonous

dont conduct electricity

form diatomic molecules

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12
Q

what are properties of alkali metals?

A

good conductors of heat and electricity

softer/lighter than most metals

low density

low melting/boiling points

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13
Q

what are properties of transition metals?

A

ductile (drawn into wires)

malleable (hammered into shapes)

good conductors of heat / electricity

valence electrons present in more than one shell
several oxidation states

high density and melting points

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14
Q

what are catalysts?

A

transition metals that are used to speed up reactions

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15
Q

what is found in group 0?

A

noble gases

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16
Q

why are they called noble gases?

A

because they are INERT (very unreactive)

17
Q

why are noble gases inert?

A

because they have full electron valence shells so no reacting is needed because they are already stable with full shells

18
Q

what are uses for noble gases

A

very safe because they are inert

glow when a current passes through them at low pressure

fill balloons, airships, protect metals being welded, advertising signs, lasers, lamps

19
Q

what does the period in the periodic table show?

A

number of electron shells

20
Q

what does the group number show?

A

how many electrons in the outer shell