2 Chemistry - Matter

Question 1

define

temperature

Answer 1

average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance

Question 2

define

internal energy

Answer 2

total energy stored in the particles of a substance (energy from bonds-potential, and kinetic)

Question 3

define

thermal energy/heat

Answer 3

energy transferred from one body to another

Question 4

why does the temperature stay constant something is changing state?

Answer 4

because the energy that is being added is being used to break the bonds between the particles

Question 5

how do you change the state of something?

Answer 5

by adding heat you add energy which makes the particles to move faster and break the bonds

Question 6

what causes pressure in a gas?

Answer 6

particles colliding with each other

Question 7

why does a balloon burst if you keep blowing?

Answer 7

because theres too much pressure

Question 8

a gas is in a sealed container

how will the pressure change if the container is cooled?

Answer 8

when it is cooled it loses energy, making the particles slower, this will decrease the rate of collision, therefore reducing the pressure

Question 9

define

solute

Answer 9

what is dissolved

Question 10

define

dissolve

Answer 10

when you mix something in another liquid

Question 11

define

mixture

Answer 11

when you have 2 or more substances but they are not chemically bonded

Question 12

define

concentration

Answer 12

how much of a substance in a mixture

Question 13

define

saturated

Answer 13

when no more solute can be dissolved

Question 14

define

solvent

Answer 14

what you mix the solute with

Question 15

define

solution

Answer 15

a solute and a solvent mixed

Question 16

what is the modern atomic theory

Answer 16

elements are composed of extremely small atoms

compounds are formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more diff atoms

Question 17

define

molecule

Answer 17

2 or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 18

differ
molecule of an element
molecule of a compound
atom of an element

Answer 18

molecule of an element C2
molecule of a compound C2H2
atom of an element C

Question 19

what is atomic mass (amu)

Answer 19

mass of protons neutrons and electrons

Question 20

charge and mass of protons neutrons and electrons

Answer 20

proton – charge 1+ mass 1

neutron – charge 0 mass 1

electron – charge -1 mass 0

Question 21

define

valence shell

Answer 21

outer electron shell

Question 22

what does each period on the p. table represent?

Answer 22

no. of electron shells

Question 23

what does group number on the p. table represent?

Answer 23

the number of electrons on the outer shell