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History > 6. Byzantine + Russia Test > Flashcards

6. Byzantine + Russia Test Flashcards

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1
Q

When + by whom was Constantinople named the new capital?

A
  • Constantinople was named the new capital in AD 330, by Constantine.
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2
Q

When + by whom was Constantinople conquered?

A
  • It was conquered by the Ottomans Turks in 1453. (Muslim).
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3
Q

What was the Western Church called?

A
  • Roman Catholic Church
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4
Q

What was the Eastern church called?

A
  • Eastern Orthodox Church
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5
Q

Similarities between the East. + West. church?

A
  • Faith is based on the gospel of Jesus + the Bible.
  • Sacraments (visible signs of something sacred) like baptism used.
  • Religious Leaders = priests + bishops
  • Seek > convert ppl.
    FSRS
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6
Q

Roman Catholic Differences

A
  • Services conducted in Latin.
  • Pope = ultimate authority
  • Priests can’t marry
  • Divorce isn’t allowed

SUAPD

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7
Q

Eastern Orthodox Differences

A
  • Services conducted in Greek/local languages.
  • Emperor = ultimate authority.
  • Priests can marry
  • Divorce allowed under certain conditions.
    SUAPD
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8
Q

How did Byzantine culture spread thru Russia?

A
  • By sending missionaries and trading w/ Slavs > Russian culture
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9
Q

What was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire?

A
  • The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire = Byzantium (Turkey).
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10
Q

Byzantine Emperors

A
  • Ruled with absolute power.
  • Headed state + church
  • Appointed + dismissed bishops.
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11
Q

Justinian Code

A
  • J setup a panel to comb thru 400 yrs of Roman law to create a single uniform code.
  • Regulated areas of Byzantine life like marriage, slavery, property, women’s rights
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12
Q

Justinian’s Code 4 works

A
  • Code, Digest, Institutes, and Novellue (new laws).
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13
Q

Justinian’s Code- Code

A
  • ~5,000 Roman laws still considered useful 4 the Byzantine Empire
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14
Q

Justinian’s Code - Digest

A
  • Quoted + summarized the opinions of Rome’s greatest legal thinkers abt. the law
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15
Q

Justinian’s Code- Institutes

A
  • Textbook > told law students how to use the law
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16
Q

Justinian’s Code - Novellue

A
  • New laws

- Presented legislation passed after 534.

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17
Q

Hagia Sophia

A
  • Holy Wisdom, a Christian church.
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18
Q

Hippodrome

A
  • Greek 4 horse + racecourse

- Provided free entertainment (chariot races)

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19
Q

Nika Rebellion

A
  • In 532, 2 fan groups from Hippodrome rioted + yelled Nika/ Victory
  • Felt officials 2 severe in putting down prev. riot, and demanded Justinian overthrow
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20
Q

Emperor Heraclius

A
  • Reorganized empire along military lines.
  • Provinces > themes/ military districts
  • Each theme ran by General
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21
Q

St. Basil

A
  • Wrote rules for the life of monks.

- Believed ppl shouldn’t be showy.

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22
Q

St. John Chrysostom

A
  • Bishop of Constantinople + patriarch of the east.
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23
Q

Patriarch

A
  • Leading bishop

- Highest church official

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24
Q

Iconoclast Controversy

A
  • In 730, Emperor Leo 3 banned icon use. But Pope in West supported it.
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25
Q

Icons

A
  • Religious images used by Eastern Christians to aid in devotions
26
Q

Excommunication

A
  • Declaring an emperor to be an outcast from the church’s
27
Q

What 2 things did St. Methodius + St. Cyril do?

A
  • Worked among Slavs + invented alphabet 4 Slavic languages
28
Q

Cyrillic alphabet

A
  • Many Slavic languages (including Russian) written in it.
29
Q

Where does the Silk Road end?

A

Byzantine

30
Q

Why do we remember Justinian?

A
  • For his reform of the law (Justinian’s code)
31
Q

Justinian’s ruling style.

A
  • Autocrat: sole ruler w/ complete authority

- Had power over the church

32
Q

What helped J run the empire?

A
  • A bureaucracy: Nonelective gov’t officials that make important decisions
33
Q

Theodora, J’s wife

A
  • Advocate for women and the poor
34
Q

What did Byzantine act as?

A
  • Byzantine acted as a buffer state, protecting Western Europe from tough invaders
35
Q

While the rest of Europe wasn’t doing well, Byzantine’s flourished bc of

A
  • While the rest of Europe wasn’t doing well, Byzantine’s flourished bc of TRADE + AN EFFECTIVE BUREAUCRACY.
36
Q

Who rules in east vs west?

A
  • West: Pope rules

- East: Emperor rules

37
Q

Emperor’s role in church?

A
  • Controls church affairs + appoints patriarch.
38
Q

East’s opinion on icons

A
  • The East hated + banned icons for a while, led to 1054 Schism
39
Q

1054 Schism

A
  • Permanent split between East + West churches
40
Q

What did Byzantine Heritage combine?

A
  • Byzantine heritage combined Christian beliefs with Greek science + culture
41
Q

Where is Constantinople?

A
  • Istanbul
42
Q

The primary chronicle

A

History of Russia written by monks

43
Q

Princess Olga

A
  • In 957, she visited Constantinople + converted to Christianity
44
Q

Vladimir

A
  • Olga’s grandson, converts to Byzantine Christianity w/ subjects
45
Q

What did Yaroslave do to the empire?

A
  • Instead of giving the throne to eldest, he splits up empire for sons, causing fights.
46
Q

The Crusades

A
  • Clashes between Christians + Muslims 4 control of Holy Lands in the Middle East, starting in 1095.
47
Q

Genghis Khan

A
  • Founder + leader of Mongols.
48
Q

Batu Khan

A
  • Genghis’s grandson, he and Mongols rekt Kiev in 1240.
49
Q

Mongol Rule

A
  • Peaceful/ tolerant as long as you pay w/ peace & $.
50
Q

Alexander Nevsky

A
  • A Novgorod prince + military hero, he advised fellow princes to cooperate with Mongols
51
Q

Moscow’s Prince Ivan

A
  • In late 1320s, Prince Ivan crushes Russian revolt, and is appointed tax collector + named “Grand Prince”.
  • Secretly backstabbed Mongols by convincing Kiev Patriarch to move to Moscow, and enlarging territory around Moscow
52
Q

Ivan 3

A
  • Prince of Moscow, challenged Mongol rule, and claimed czar name
53
Q

Czar

A
  • The Russian version of Caesar
54
Q

Rurik

A
  • The Slavs invited the Viking chief Rurik to be king, and he founded Novgorod in 852.
55
Q

In ___, a high ranking nobleman named ___ succeeded his uncle to the throne.

A

In 527, a high ranking nobleman named JUSTINIAN succeeded his uncle to the throne.

56
Q

When did Justinian die?

A

Justinian died in 565.

57
Q

Byzantine’s influence on Russia (2)

A
  1. Byzantine sent missionaries to the Slavs

2. Byzantine traded w/ them

58
Q

The blending of __ + __ traditions eventually produced Russian culture

A

The blending of SLAVIC and GREEK traditions eventually produced Russian culture

59
Q

Byzantine art

A

Mosaics

60
Q

The Byzantine empire preserved…

A

The Byzantine empire preserved Greek/Roman culture

61
Q

Yaroslave the Wise

A
  • In 1019, Vladimir’s son becomes ruler

- He marries off fam, created a legal code, and built first library in Kiev

62
Q

Byzantine’s surrounded on ___ by ___ ___ ___.

A

Byzantine’s surrounded on 3 sides by cliffs over water

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