3. Fertile Crescent Civilizations Flashcards
Where was Phoenicia located?
Eastern end of Mediterranean Sea called Canaan.
Who created the alphabet?
Phoenicians
What were the Phoenicians known for?
Phoenicians were known for their sea trade around the Mediterranean, and Africa
Sidon and Tyre
Phoenician city states known for producing red-purple dye.
Byblos
Trading center for papyrus
Hittites
- Indo-Europeans that were the first iron-workers that turned iron into weapons of war
Abraham
God chose Abraham to be the “Father of the Jewish people”.
Where did Abraham move and why
- The Book of Genesis says that God commanded Abraham to move his ppl to Canaan
The Exodus
The Israelites flee Egypt from 1300-1200 BC
Covenant
Mutual promise between God + Abraham: the founder of the Jewish ppl
Moses
Led the Israelites out of slavery
The Kingdom of Israel characteristics and split
- Located in Canaan, it had harsh features like arid desert and rocky wilderness.
- Eventually split into 2: Israel in the north and Judah in the south.
Diaspora
The dispersal of Jews driven from their homeland into exile.
Where is present day Phoenicia located?
Lebanon
The Persians based their empire on ___ + ___. They relied on ______ to back up their policies
The Persians based their empire on tolerance and diplomacy. They relied on a strong military to back up their policies
Cyrus
Persian King and military genius that conquered several kingdoms, and was tolerant towards conquered ppl and their religions
Darius the Great
A Persian noble that established an efficient administration thru a bureaucracy, and expanded the Persian empire
Satrap
Persian King Darius appointed a governor in each province that ruled locally
Bureaucracy
Gov’t where most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than elected reps
Royal road
Darius the Great rebuilt the Royal Road, helped Darius to communicate long-distance quickly
Zoroastrianism
- A Persian prophet created Zoroastrianism: the belief in 1 God: Ahura Mazda
