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History > 5. Ancient Rome > Flashcards

5. Ancient Rome Flashcards

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1
Q

In reality, men chose to build the city there for its

A

In reality, men chose to build the city there for its location on ITALIAN PENINSULA and FERTILE SOIL for farming

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2
Q

Who were the first Romans?

A

From 1,000- 500 BC, LEG (Latins, Etruscans, and Greeks) lived there.

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3
Q

Latins early settlers

A

Latins built original settlements at Rome, a cluster of wooden huts atop 1/7 hills, Palatine Hill.

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4
Q

Where were Etruscans native to? Skills? Influence on Roman civilization?

A

Etruscans were native to northern Italy.
They were skilled engineers + metalworkers.
Influenced Roman civilization through the alphabet and architecture.

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5
Q

Forum

A

The heart of Roman political life and a gov’t building.

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6
Q

Tarquin the Proud

A

The last king of Rome/tyrant. Driven from power in 509 BC.

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7
Q

Plebeians

A

The common FAM (farmers, artisans, and merchants) who were the majority of the population.
Citizens of Rome with a right to vote.

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8
Q

Tribunes

A

Representatives that plebeians elected to protect their rights from salty patricians.

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9
Q

Twelve Tables

A

In 451 BC, 10 officials carved Rome’s laws onto 12 tablets. Basis for later Roman law. Est. idea that all free citizens were protected by the law.

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10
Q

Consuls

A

In Republican gov’t, 2 officials that controlled the army and directed the gov’t.

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11
Q

Senate

A

Aristocratic branch of Rome’s gov’t, 300 members from upper class, legislative and adminis. functions.

A3LAF

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12
Q

Dictator

A

Leader= absolute power to make laws + command army. lasted for 6 months

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13
Q

Legions

A

The large military units Roman soldiers were organized in.

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14
Q

Romulus + Remus

A

Twin sons of God Mars and Latin princess. Founded Rome in 753 BC.

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15
Q

Pax Romana. Time period?When did it end?

A

Rome’s golden age (peace+prosperity) under Augustus from 27 BCE- 180 CE.
Ended w/ Marcus Aurelius

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16
Q

First Triumvirate

A

Caesar- consul
Crassus- rich patrician
Pompey- general (later rekt by J)

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17
Q

Carthage

A

City in Tunisia - North Africa

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18
Q

Punic Wars span, cause + effect

A

Spanned from 264 BCE - 146 BCE.
Caused by rivalry over Sicily.
Effect was Carthage rekt + Rome master of Mediterranean

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19
Q

Hannibal

A

He was a Carthage general, and led army through Alps, and invaded the Italian Peninsula in the 2nd Punic War 10 years.

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20
Q

The New Testament

A

Accounts of life + teachings of Jesus, and early Christian writings.

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21
Q

Apostles, Example of 1?

A

12 men whom carried the message of Christianity throughout Rome.

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22
Q
  1. Church =

2. Church loyalty ___ Emperor loyalty

A

Church = moral authority

Church loyalty > Emperor loyalty.

23
Q

Effects of church?

A

Unified Western Europe, but rekt the Western Roman Empire lmao GG.

24
Q

Influence of Latin on Roman power.

A

United different cultures w/ 1 common language.

Increased Roman power by increasing the power of the Roman ppl.

25
Q

Diocletian

A

Split the Roman Empire into 2

26
Q

What happened in 476 CE?

A

Romulus the last emperor overthrown by Germanic leader Odoacer = 1st barbarian to rule Rome.

27
Q

Eastern Roman Empire

A

East: Spoke Greek + Eastern Orthodox Church (GASE - Greece, Anatolia, Syria, Egypt).

28
Q

Western Roman Empire

A

West: Spoke Latin + Roman Catholic

GIBS - Gaul, Italy, Britain Spain

29
Q

Influences on Roman art + arch.

A

Art of conquered ppl, Etruscans, ancient Egypt * other places Rome bordered.

30
Q

Attila

A

Leader of the Huns, attacked both empires, but east safe ish

31
Q

Pax Romana

A

Made travel and the exchange of ideas fairly safe, spread Christianity

32
Q

Where did Octavian defeat Cleopatra and MA?

A

31 BC naval battle @ Actium

33
Q

Paul

A

Apostle, > vision = spent life spreading Christianity

34
Q

Peter

A

1st bishop + pope

35
Q

Nicene Creed

A

Defined basic beliefs of the Church

36
Q

Virgil

A

Poet wrote the Aeneid, vvv serious

37
Q

Ovid

A

Wrote poetry for enjoyment, vvv fun

38
Q

Livy

A

Wrote history of Rome

39
Q

Tacitus

A

Historian that presented facts accurately

40
Q

Arches

A

Supported bridges and aqueducts.

41
Q

Second Triumvirate

A

Octavian- JC grandnephew
Mark Antony- general
Lepidus- politician (O forced him to retire GG).

42
Q

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

A

Purposes reforms limiting estate size + giving land > poor.

43
Q

General Scipio

A

Attacked Carthage to bait Hannibal, and defeated him at Zama

44
Q

Location of Rome

A

Italian peninsula close to the Mediterranean Sea

45
Q

Who did the Roman Republic end with?

A

The Roman Republic ended with Julius Caesar and then Octavian (Augustus)

46
Q

Fall of the Western Roman Empire (4 effects)

A
  • Long Process

- Civil wars, inflation, moral decay bc of mercenaries, invasions

47
Q

Where did Christianity begin?

A
  • Rome and it grew from Judaism
48
Q

Roman Architectural contributions

A

Arches, aqueducts, and domes

49
Q

Romance languages

A

French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian

Fred scooped pecans into receptacles

50
Q

Latin use and effect

A

Latin was the language of the Romans, and developed into the Romance languages (Rome)

51
Q

Principles of Roman law

A
  1. Equal treatment under the law
  2. Innocent until proven guilty
  3. Burden of proof resend with accused rather than accuses
  4. Only actions not thoughts punishable
52
Q

Mercenaries

A

Foreign soldiers that fought for money

53
Q

Constantine

A

Roman Emperor that…

  1. Approved Christianity with the Edict of Milan
  2. Reunited the two empires and moved the eastern capital city to the Greek city of Byzantium (Constantinople)

History (16 decks)

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