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1. Elliot Social 7 50% > 6: Becoming Canada > Flashcards

6: Becoming Canada Flashcards

1
Q

What is a key characteristic of Canada’s identity?

A

Canada’s identity is very complex

This complexity varies depending on the region and the individual Canadian being referred to.

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2
Q

What superficial characteristics are commonly associated with Canada?

A
  • Hockey
  • The Mounties
  • The maple leaf
  • Snow

These superficial characteristics do not capture the full essence of Canadian identity.

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3
Q

What is one fact that people may not know about Canada’s First Nations?

A

Canada has 600 First Nations

This is a significant aspect of Canada’s diverse identity that is often overlooked.

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4
Q

True or False: Canada is officially bilingual.

A

True

The official bilingualism reflects Canada’s linguistic diversity.

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: Canada’s identity varies depending on _____ and _____ being discussed.

A

[region] and [individual Canadian]

This highlights the diverse perspectives and experiences within Canada.

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6
Q

What do people first notice about a person, according to the text?

A

Superficial characteristics

This analogy is drawn to explain how countries, like individuals, have both superficial and complex identities.

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7
Q

How does getting to know someone help in understanding them better?

A

It reveals their complex personal identity

This concept is applied to understanding a nation’s identity as well.

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8
Q

What might the world not realize about the Arctic tundra in Canada?

A

That poppies bloom on the Arctic tundra

This fact illustrates the unique and often unrecognized aspects of Canada’s natural environment.

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9
Q

What is a key characteristic of Canada’s identity?

A

Canada’s identity is very complex

This complexity varies depending on the region and the individual Canadian being referred to.

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10
Q

What superficial characteristics are commonly associated with Canada?

A
  • Hockey
  • The Mounties
  • The maple leaf
  • Snow

These superficial characteristics do not capture the full essence of Canadian identity.

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11
Q

What is one fact that people may not know about Canada’s First Nations?

A

Canada has 600 First Nations

This is a significant aspect of Canada’s diverse identity that is often overlooked.

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12
Q

True or False: Canada is officially bilingual.

A

True

The official bilingualism reflects Canada’s linguistic diversity.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: Canada’s identity varies depending on _____ and _____ being discussed.

A

[region] and [individual Canadian]

This highlights the diverse perspectives and experiences within Canada.

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14
Q

What do people first notice about a person, according to the text?

A

Superficial characteristics

This analogy is drawn to explain how countries, like individuals, have both superficial and complex identities.

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15
Q

How does getting to know someone help in understanding them better?

A

It reveals their complex personal identity

This concept is applied to understanding a nation’s identity as well.

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16
Q

What might the world not realize about the Arctic tundra in Canada?

A

That poppies bloom on the Arctic tundra

This fact illustrates the unique and often unrecognized aspects of Canada’s natural environment.

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17
Q

What event led to a huge migration of refugees to Canada?

A

The rebellion in Britain’s Thirteen Colonies

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18
Q

How did the Loyalist migration affect British North America?

A

Changed the face of British North America forever

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19
Q

What was the sentiment in the Thirteen Colonies by 1765?

A

Growing restless under British rule

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20
Q

What were some reasons for the discontent in the Thirteen Colonies?

A

High taxes, limited trade, and desire for control over their own affairs

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21
Q

What act worsened the situation for the Thirteen Colonies in 1774?

A

The Quebec Act

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22
Q

What did the Quebec Act do?

A

Gave the Ohio Valley to Quebec, not the Thirteen Colonies

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23
Q

When were the first shots of the War of Independence fired?

A

April 1775

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24
Q

What did American rebels hope for regarding the Canadiens?

A

That they would join in their revolt

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25
Q

Fill in the blank: The Thirteen Colonies were restricted to trade only with their _______.

A

home country

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26
Q

True or False: The American rebels were unified in their goal to achieve independence.

A

False

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27
Q

What were the two main cities that the rebels aimed to capture in Quebec?

A

Montreal and Quebec City

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28
Q

What event led to a huge migration of refugees to Canada?

A

The rebellion in Britain’s Thirteen Colonies

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29
Q

How did the Loyalist migration affect British North America?

A

Changed the face of British North America forever

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30
Q

What was the sentiment in the Thirteen Colonies by 1765?

A

Growing restless under British rule

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31
Q

What were some reasons for the discontent in the Thirteen Colonies?

A

High taxes, limited trade, and desire for control over their own affairs

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32
Q

What act worsened the situation for the Thirteen Colonies in 1774?

A

The Quebec Act

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33
Q

What did the Quebec Act do?

A

Gave the Ohio Valley to Quebec, not the Thirteen Colonies

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34
Q

When were the first shots of the War of Independence fired?

A

April 1775

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35
Q

What did American rebels hope for regarding the Canadiens?

A

That they would join in their revolt

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36
Q

Fill in the blank: The Thirteen Colonies were restricted to trade only with their _______.

A

home country

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37
Q

True or False: The American rebels were unified in their goal to achieve independence.

A

False

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38
Q

What were the two main cities that the rebels aimed to capture in Quebec?

A

Montreal and Quebec City

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39
Q

What was the outcome of the invasion of Québec?

A

The invasion of Québec failed.

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40
Q

When did Britain recognize the United States of America?

A

1783

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41
Q

What does the term British North America refer to?

A

All British colonies in North America except the Thirteen Colonies.

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42
Q

What percentage of people in the Thirteen Colonies remained loyal to Britain during the rebellion?

A

As many as a third.

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43
Q

Who were the United Empire Loyalists?

A

Citizens loyal to the King who opposed the war.

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44
Q

List some reasons why people remained loyal to Britain during the rebellion.

A
  • Belief in non-violence
  • Business ties with the British
  • Military ties to British regiments
  • Enslaved African Americans seeking freedom
  • First Nations peoples who lost land to Americans
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45
Q

How did American rebels treat Loyalists?

A

They treated them as traitors, took their property, beat and jailed them, and sometimes paraded them covered in hot tar and feathers.

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46
Q

What was a significant consequence for Loyalists after the war?

A

Many fled north to Canada, changing Canadian identity forever.

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47
Q

How many Loyalists migrated to British colonies during and after the war?

A

Almost 40,000.

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48
Q

Where did many Loyalists travel to after the war?

A

Nova Scotia.

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49
Q

What was the situation for Black Loyalists regarding land in Nova Scotia?

A

They received less land than other Loyalists and the land was not good for farming

Many Black Loyalists worked as tenant farmers, giving half the money from crop sales to landowners.

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50
Q

What challenges did Black Loyalists face in Nova Scotia?

A

Racism and discrimination

Despite these challenges, many Black Loyalists stayed and built a rich heritage.

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51
Q

Why were many Loyalists unhappy in Nova Scotia?

A

They endured cruelty and hardship during the war and resented that other colonists had not suffered

This dissatisfaction led to demands for their own colony.

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52
Q

What action did Britain take in 1784 regarding Nova Scotia?

A

Britain divided Nova Scotia into two parts

The western portion became New Brunswick and Cape Breton Island became a separate colony.

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53
Q

What was the new name for Île Saint-Jean?

A

Prince Edward Island

This renaming took place after the division of Nova Scotia.

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54
Q

Fill in the blank: Many Black Loyalists worked as _______ farmers.

A

tenant

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55
Q

True or False: Black Loyalists received better land than other Loyalists.

A

False

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56
Q

List the new colonies created from Nova Scotia in 1784.

A
  • New Brunswick
  • Cape Breton Island
  • Prince Edward Island
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57
Q

What did Loyalists do when they came to Québec?

A

They crowded into temporary camps and waited for Britain to help them.

Many Loyalists were fleeing from the American Revolutionary War.

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58
Q

Why did most Loyalists not want to settle in Québec?

A

The French language and Roman Catholic traditions were unfamiliar to them, and all the good land was already taken.

This indicates cultural and religious differences that impacted their settlement choices.

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59
Q

Who was the governor that agreed to give Loyalists land?

A

Frederick Haldimand.

Haldimand was the governor of Québec during the time of the Loyalist influx.

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60
Q

Where did Governor Frederick Haldimand choose to give Loyalists land?

A

Land farther west along the upper St. Lawrence River on the north shore of Lake Ontario.

This area was chosen to accommodate the influx of Loyalists.

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61
Q

Fill in the blank: The first group of Loyalists headed _______.

A

west.

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62
Q

What nation did Haldimand choose land from for the Loyalists?

A

Anishinabe Nation

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63
Q

What was the belief of the Anishinabe regarding land ownership?

A

Land is not something people bought and sold; it should be shared.

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64
Q

What did the Anishinabe likely think they were doing when interacting with Haldimand?

A

Giving permission to use the land.

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65
Q

What happened by the time the Anishinabe realized what was happening with their land?

A

It was too late.

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66
Q

True or False: The Anishinabe believed that land could be bought and sold.

A

False

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67
Q

Fill in the blank: The Anishinabe thought land should be _______.

A

shared

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68
Q

What language did most Loyalists who came to Québec speak?

A

English

They came from colonies with British traditions and customs.

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69
Q

Who formed the majority in Québec when the Loyalists arrived?

A

Canadiens

The Canadiens were the French-speaking population in the region.

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70
Q

What did the Loyalists want to maintain?

A

Their British heritage

They sought to preserve their customs and traditions.

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71
Q

What significant act did Britain agree to in 1791?

A

The Constitutional Act

This act divided Québec into two separate colonies.

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72
Q

What were the names of the two new colonies created by the Constitutional Act?

A

Upper Canada and Lower Canada

Upper Canada is now southern Ontario.

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73
Q

What geographical feature was used to divide Upper and Lower Canada?

A

The Ottawa River

The land west of the Ottawa River became Upper Canada.

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74
Q

What did each colony established by the Constitutional Act have?

A

An elected assembly

This allowed citizens to have a say in governance.

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75
Q

What rights did the citizens of Québec retain from the Quebec Act of 1774?

A

All rights, including French civil law

This ensured the protection of French culture and legal traditions.

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76
Q

What was an important outcome of the Constitutional Act regarding cultures?

A

Allowed French and English cultures and languages to co-exist

It was a significant step in building a bilingual country.

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77
Q

Who were the Loyalists?

A

American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution (1775-1783)

Loyalists came from various ethnic backgrounds including English, Scottish, German, Dutch, Iroquois, and African-American.

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78
Q

What was the time period of the American Revolution?

A

1775-1783

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79
Q

What ethnic backgrounds did the Loyalists come from?

A
  • English
  • Scottish
  • German
  • Dutch
  • Iroquois
  • African-American
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80
Q

What did many Loyalists do during the American Revolution?

A

Fought in Loyalist regiments

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81
Q

What effect did the War of 1812 have on Canada?

A

The War of 1812 affected the Colonists and Canadians significantly.

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82
Q

What were the tensions between Britain and the United States in 1812?

A

Tensions heated up due to British actions such as kidnapping American sailors and support for Native American resistance.

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83
Q

Fill in the blank: The war began in _______.

A

1812

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84
Q

True or False: Many English colonists in British North America were loyal to Britain.

A

False

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85
Q

What was a significant concern for the British regarding loyalty in British North America?

A

Many English colonists were Americans who had arrived after the Loyalists and outnumbered them four to one.

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86
Q

What economic dependence did the Atlantic colonies have during the War of 1812?

A

The Atlantic colonies depended on trade with the Americans.

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87
Q

What historical event occurred 50 years prior to the War of 1812?

A

The French lost New France.

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88
Q

Fill in the blank: Some Americans wanted to take over Britain’s _______.

A

colonies

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89
Q

What was the British perspective on the loyalty of the colonists?

A

The British wondered if they could count on the loyalty of the colonists.

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90
Q

What did the British do to American sailors during the War of 1812?

A

The British were kidnapping American sailors to serve in the British navy.

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91
Q

What role did Native Americans play during the War of 1812?

A

The British supported Native Americans in their resistance against American expansion.

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92
Q

Fill in the blank: The British colonies were a battleground in the _______.

A

War of 1812

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93
Q

What was the perspective of Loyalists regarding their situation during the War of 1812?

A

Loyalists were concerned about the loyalty of the American arrivals.

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94
Q

What groups fought against the invaders in the War of 1812?

A

British soldiers, local militia, and First Nations allies

These groups collaborated to resist American forces during the conflict.

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95
Q

What happened in April 1813 in York (now Toronto)?

A

A fleet of American ships shot cannon fire at the town and American soldiers looted and burned down government buildings

York was a significant location during the War of 1812.

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96
Q

Who warned the British of an impending American attack in 1813?

A

Laura Secord

Laura Secord is known for her pivotal role in warning British forces about American plans.

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97
Q

What was the outcome of the War of 1812?

A

The war ended in a deadlock

No decisive victory was claimed by either side.

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98
Q

What treaty ended the War of 1812?

A

The Treaty of Ghent

This treaty was signed in December 1814.

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99
Q

What did the Treaty of Ghent require both sides to do?

A

Return any territory gained during the war

This provision aimed to restore the status quo ante bellum.

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100
Q

What political boundary was agreed upon in the Treaty of Ghent?

A

The 49th parallel of latitude

This boundary extends from west of the Great Lakes to the Rocky Mountains.

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101
Q

How did Americans view the outcome of the War of 1812?

A

As a triumph over Britain

This perspective highlighted a sense of national pride and independence.

102
Q

How did the people of Upper and Lower Canada view the outcome of the War of 1812?

A

They felt they had stopped an American attack

This reflected their successful defense against invasions.

103
Q

What was the First Nations’ experience in the War of 1812?

A

They could claim no victory

Despite their significant involvement, they did not gain recognition or territory.

104
Q

What was the casualty situation for First Nations allies during the War of 1812?

A

About 15,000 First Nations allies died, more than British and American casualties combined

This highlights the heavy toll the war took on First Nations communities.

105
Q

What proposal did Britain make regarding a state for First Nations?

A

The Americans refused to create a First Nations state

This refusal prevented a potential recognition of First Nations sovereignty.

106
Q

What is the Great Migration?

A

The influx of over 800,000 immigrants to Canada between 1815 and 1850

This migration significantly influenced the British character of Canada.

107
Q

Between which years did the Great Migration occur?

A

1815 to 1850

108
Q

Which ports did most immigrants arrive at during the Great Migration?

A

Halifax, Saint John, and Québec City

109
Q

What were some reasons for the mass immigration from Britain?

A
  • Rapid population growth in Britain
  • Scarcity of jobs
  • Farmers being forced off land
  • Common poverty and hunger
  • The Irish famine
  • Safer ocean travel post-war
  • Availability of free land and new opportunities
110
Q

True or False: The Great Migration was primarily driven by economic factors.

A

True

111
Q

Fill in the blank: The Great Migration helped to make the Canadian identity more _______.

A

British

112
Q

What geographical feature influenced where people made their homes during the Great Migration?

A

Not specified in the text

113
Q

What event contributed to safer ocean travel, encouraging immigration?

A

The end of the war

114
Q

What was a significant factor in pushing rural Irish people to emigrate?

A

The terrible famine in Ireland

115
Q

What opportunities did the colonies offer to immigrants?

A
  • Free land
  • New opportunities
  • A chance for a better life
116
Q

How did immigrants travel from Britain to Canada?

A

By ship

117
Q

What was the duration of the journey for immigrants traveling to Canada?

A

Many weeks

118
Q

What type of accommodations were available for wealthy immigrants?

A

Comfortable cabins

119
Q

Where were most immigrants who could not afford comfortable cabins placed during the journey?

A

In the dark and filthy holds below deck

120
Q

What issue plagued the holds below deck where most immigrants were housed?

A

Diseases ran rampant

121
Q

What term was used to refer to the ships due to the high death toll during the voyages?

A

Coffin ships

122
Q

Where did many immigrants stop before continuing their journey in Canada?

A

The Maritime colonies

123
Q

After reaching Québec City and Montréal, where did most newcomers travel next?

A

By land to Upper Canada

124
Q

How did immigrants travel from Britain to Canada?

A

By ship

125
Q

What was the duration of the journey for immigrants traveling to Canada?

A

Many weeks

126
Q

What type of accommodations were available for wealthy immigrants?

A

Comfortable cabins

127
Q

Where were most immigrants who could not afford comfortable cabins placed during the journey?

A

In the dark and filthy holds below deck

128
Q

What issue plagued the holds below deck where most immigrants were housed?

A

Diseases ran rampant

129
Q

What term was used to refer to the ships due to the high death toll during the voyages?

A

Coffin ships

130
Q

Where did many immigrants stop before continuing their journey in Canada?

A

The Maritime colonies

131
Q

After reaching Québec City and Montréal, where did most newcomers travel next?

A

By land to Upper Canada

132
Q

How many immigrants arrived from Britain each year before 1847?

A

About 30,000 immigrants

133
Q

What proportion of the immigrants arriving from Britain were from Ireland?

A

Two-thirds

134
Q

What event caused Irish immigration to increase to 100,000 in 1847?

A

The potato crop failure

135
Q

What was the primary reason thousands of Irish left for North America in 1847?

A

They had nothing to eat

136
Q

What epidemic broke out aboard the ships carrying Irish immigrants?

A

A typhus epidemic

137
Q

How many people died on the voyage to Canada in 1847 due to the typhus epidemic?

A

Thousands

138
Q

Where did the ships wait as they brought Irish immigrants to Canada?

A

St. Lawrence River at Grosse-Île

139
Q

What was Grosse-Île used for during the immigration process?

A

A quarantine station

140
Q

How many people were buried on Grosse-Île in 1847?

A

5,424

141
Q

What challenges did families face upon reaching their plots of land in Canada?

A

Clearing the dense forest

142
Q

What aspects of the environment made pioneer life difficult for newcomers?

A

Rugged environment and harsh climate

143
Q

Fill in the blank: In 1847, Irish immigration increased to _______ due to the potato crop failure.

A

100,000

144
Q

True or False: The majority of immigrants to Canada in the early years were from Ireland.

A

True

145
Q

How many immigrants arrived from Britain each year before 1847?

A

About 30,000 immigrants

146
Q

What proportion of the immigrants arriving from Britain were from Ireland?

A

Two-thirds

147
Q

What event caused Irish immigration to increase to 100,000 in 1847?

A

The potato crop failure

148
Q

What was the primary reason thousands of Irish left for North America in 1847?

A

They had nothing to eat

149
Q

What epidemic broke out aboard the ships carrying Irish immigrants?

A

A typhus epidemic

150
Q

How many people died on the voyage to Canada in 1847 due to the typhus epidemic?

A

Thousands

151
Q

Where did the ships wait as they brought Irish immigrants to Canada?

A

St. Lawrence River at Grosse-Île

152
Q

What was Grosse-Île used for during the immigration process?

A

A quarantine station

153
Q

How many people were buried on Grosse-Île in 1847?

A

5,424

154
Q

What challenges did families face upon reaching their plots of land in Canada?

A

Clearing the dense forest

155
Q

What aspects of the environment made pioneer life difficult for newcomers?

A

Rugged environment and harsh climate

156
Q

Fill in the blank: In 1847, Irish immigration increased to _______ due to the potato crop failure.

A

100,000

157
Q

True or False: The majority of immigrants to Canada in the early years were from Ireland.

A

True

158
Q

What were the key factors that led to the rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada in 1837?

A

Tensions from rapid population growth and dissatisfaction with governance

The rebellions were fueled by various social and political factors.

159
Q

What significant change did the Constitutional Act of 1791 bring to the British colonies?

A

A new form of government with a governor and an elected assembly for each colony

This act was crucial in shaping the political landscape of British North America.

160
Q

Fill in the blank: The rapid _______ in British North America contributed to social tensions.

A

population growth

161
Q

True or False: The Constitutional Act of 1791 eliminated the role of governors in the British colonies.

A

False

The act established governors as part of the new government structure.

162
Q

What is one outcome of the tensions that grew in British North America?

A

Armed rebellion

The dissatisfaction with governance led to drastic actions by the populace.

163
Q

Define the role of the governor in the colonies after the Constitutional Act of 1791.

A

The governor oversaw the colony’s administration and worked with the elected assembly.

164
Q

What was established alongside the governor in each British colony according to the Constitutional Act of 1791?

A

An elected assembly

This assembly allowed for some degree of self-governance.

165
Q

What were the key factors that led to the rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada in 1837?

A

Tensions from rapid population growth and dissatisfaction with governance

The rebellions were fueled by various social and political factors.

166
Q

What significant change did the Constitutional Act of 1791 bring to the British colonies?

A

A new form of government with a governor and an elected assembly for each colony

This act was crucial in shaping the political landscape of British North America.

167
Q

Fill in the blank: The rapid _______ in British North America contributed to social tensions.

A

population growth

168
Q

True or False: The Constitutional Act of 1791 eliminated the role of governors in the British colonies.

A

False

The act established governors as part of the new government structure.

169
Q

What is one outcome of the tensions that grew in British North America?

A

Armed rebellion

The dissatisfaction with governance led to drastic actions by the populace.

170
Q

Define the role of the governor in the colonies after the Constitutional Act of 1791.

A

The governor oversaw the colony’s administration and worked with the elected assembly.

171
Q

What was established alongside the governor in each British colony according to the Constitutional Act of 1791?

A

An elected assembly

This assembly allowed for some degree of self-governance.

172
Q

Who led the group of radicals called the Patriotes?

A

Louis-Joseph Papineau

173
Q

What significant document did the Patriotes present to the Assembly in 1834?

A

The Ninety-Two Resolutions

174
Q

What was the main objective of the Ninety-Two Resolutions?

A

To call for sweeping reforms

175
Q

What percentage of votes did the Patriotes win in the election?

A

75 percent

176
Q

In what year did the British government reject the demands of the Patriotes?

A

1837

177
Q

What action did Papineau take after the rejection of the Patriotes’ demands?

A

He urged the Canadiens to take up arms

178
Q

Where did fighting break out in November 1837?

A

Saint-Denis

179
Q

What was the outcome of the battle at Saint-Denis?

A

The Patriotes were victorious

180
Q

Which battle saw British forces overwhelm the rebels?

A

Saint-Charles

181
Q

What happened to Papineau after the defeat of the Patriotes?

A

He fled to the United States

182
Q

What was the fate of the Patriote uprising?

A

It had been crushed

183
Q

What popular song recalled the plight of the exiled Patriotes?

A

MUn Canadien Errant

184
Q

Fill in the blank: The Patriotes presented the _______ to the Assembly.

A

[Ninety-Two Resolutions]

185
Q

True or False: The Patriotes were successful in their demands after winning the election.

A

False

186
Q

What year did the Battle of Saint-Eustache occur?

A

1840

187
Q

In what location did many rebels hide during the battle?

A

In the village and the church

188
Q

Who painted the scene from the Battle of Saint-Eustache?

A

Charles Beauclerk

189
Q

Who led the Reformers in Upper Canada?

A

William Lyon Mackenzie

190
Q

What document did Mackenzie and the Reformers issue in 1834?

A

The Seventh Report on Grievances

191
Q

What was the main objective of the Reformers in Upper Canada?

A

To overthrow the government

192
Q

On what date did Mackenzie lead the rebels toward Toronto?

A

5 December 1837

193
Q

What types of weapons did most rebels carry during the march?

A

Pikes and pitchforks

194
Q

What happened during the first clash between the rebels and government supporters?

A

The rebels turned and fled

195
Q

Who quickly put down the violent clashes in Upper Canada?

A

British troops

196
Q

What was the outcome of the rebellion in Upper Canada?

A

The rebellion was over after a few days

197
Q

Where did Mackenzie flee after the rebellion?

A

The United States

198
Q

How many people took part in the rebellions of 1837 in Upper Canada?

A

Only a few hundred

199
Q

What was the lasting impact of the rebellions in Lower Canada?

A

The Francophone colonists felt dreadfully wronged

200
Q

What realization did Britain come to as a result of the rebellions?

A

That reform was necessary

201
Q

Fill in the blank: The rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada may seem to be _______ events.

A

minor

202
Q

What was the common complaint of the reformers in Britain’s North American colonies?

A

The governor and councils did not have to follow the will of the people.

203
Q

What was the main focus of Lord Durham’s Report?

A

To address the issues raised by the rebellions and recommend changes.

204
Q

What were the two main recommendations made by Lord Durham in his report?

A
  • Unite Upper and Lower Canada into a single colony.
  • Grant the colonies responsible government.
205
Q

What did Lord Durham blame for the troubles in Lower Canada?

A

The conflict between the Canadiens and the English colonists.

206
Q

In what year was the Act that created a single colony with two provinces enacted?

A

1841

207
Q

What provinces were created by the Act of 1841?

A
  • Canada East (formerly Lower Canada)
  • Canada West (formerly Upper Canada)
208
Q

True or False: Lord Durham understood and appreciated the distinct national identity of the Canadiens.

A

False

209
Q

Fill in the blank: Lord Durham described the Canadiens as a people with no _______ and no literature.

A

history

210
Q

What was one of the main issues that the British government sought to understand after the rebellions?

A

The causes of the rebellions.

211
Q

What did Lord Durham believe would happen to the Canadiens within British society?

A

That British society would gradually absorb the Canadiens.

212
Q

True or False: The only official language of the new colony created in 1841 was French.

A

False

213
Q

What was the common complaint of the reformers in Britain’s North American colonies?

A

The governor and councils did not have to follow the will of the people.

214
Q

What was the main focus of Lord Durham’s Report?

A

To address the issues raised by the rebellions and recommend changes.

215
Q

What were the two main recommendations made by Lord Durham in his report?

A
  • Unite Upper and Lower Canada into a single colony.
  • Grant the colonies responsible government.
216
Q

What did Lord Durham blame for the troubles in Lower Canada?

A

The conflict between the Canadiens and the English colonists.

217
Q

In what year was the Act that created a single colony with two provinces enacted?

A

1841

218
Q

What provinces were created by the Act of 1841?

A
  • Canada East (formerly Lower Canada)
  • Canada West (formerly Upper Canada)
219
Q

True or False: Lord Durham understood and appreciated the distinct national identity of the Canadiens.

A

False

220
Q

Fill in the blank: Lord Durham described the Canadiens as a people with no _______ and no literature.

A

history

221
Q

What was one of the main issues that the British government sought to understand after the rebellions?

A

The causes of the rebellions.

222
Q

What did Lord Durham believe would happen to the Canadiens within British society?

A

That British society would gradually absorb the Canadiens.

223
Q

True or False: The only official language of the new colony created in 1841 was French.

A

False

224
Q

What was Durharm’s objective regarding the French language in Quebec?

A

To get rid of the French language in Quebec by uniting the two colonies.

This plan aimed to gradually absorb the Canadiens into British society.

225
Q

What significant legislative act was passed in 1841 related to Canada?

A

The Act of Union, which created a single colony with two provinces.

This act merged Lower Canada and Upper Canada.

226
Q

What were the new names for Lower Canada and Upper Canada after the Act of Union?

A

Lower Canada became Canada East and Upper Canada became Canada West.

These changes reflected the new administrative divisions.

227
Q

What was the official language of government after the Act of Union?

A

English became the only official language of government.

This decision caused dissatisfaction among the French-speaking population.

228
Q

True or False: The Act of Union created a unified colony with a single official language.

A

True.

The Act of Union unified the colonies and established English as the sole official language.

229
Q

Fill in the blank: The Act of Union was enacted in _______.

A

1841.

This act was a key development in the history of Canada.

230
Q

What was Durharm’s objective regarding the French language in Quebec?

A

To get rid of the French language in Quebec by uniting the two colonies.

This plan aimed to gradually absorb the Canadiens into British society.

231
Q

What significant legislative act was passed in 1841 related to Canada?

A

The Act of Union, which created a single colony with two provinces.

This act merged Lower Canada and Upper Canada.

232
Q

What were the new names for Lower Canada and Upper Canada after the Act of Union?

A

Lower Canada became Canada East and Upper Canada became Canada West.

These changes reflected the new administrative divisions.

233
Q

What was the official language of government after the Act of Union?

A

English became the only official language of government.

This decision caused dissatisfaction among the French-speaking population.

234
Q

True or False: The Act of Union created a unified colony with a single official language.

A

True.

The Act of Union unified the colonies and established English as the sole official language.

235
Q

Fill in the blank: The Act of Union was enacted in _______.

A

1841.

This act was a key development in the history of Canada.

236
Q

What is responsible government?

A

A system where elected representatives express the wishes of citizens, and the governor follows the Assembly’s wishes.

Responsible government ensures accountability and representation in governance.

237
Q

Who were the two Reformers chosen to lead the new government in 1848?

A

Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine.

Their leadership marked a significant change in the Canadian political landscape.

238
Q

What significant action did Governor Lord Elgin take in 1849?

A

He passed the Rebellion Losses Bill.

This action demonstrated the acceptance of responsible government, despite his personal opposition to the bill.

239
Q

In which year did the Reformers win a huge election victory?

A

1848.

This victory indicated a strong desire for change among the people.

240
Q

True or False: The British rulers supported the establishment of responsible government.

A

False.

British rulers opposed the idea of responsible government at the time.

241
Q

Fill in the blank: In responsible government, the elected representatives in the Assembly would express the wishes of the _______.

A

citizens.

This relationship is crucial for democratic governance.

242
Q

What was the role of the governor in responsible government?

A

To follow the wishes of the Assembly.

This role is essential for the functioning of responsible government.

243
Q

What did the election victory of the Reformers in 1848 signify?

A

A strong demand for change among the populace.

This victory set the stage for significant political reforms.

244
Q

What is responsible government?

A

A system where elected representatives express the wishes of citizens, and the governor follows the Assembly’s wishes.

Responsible government ensures accountability and representation in governance.

245
Q

Who were the two Reformers chosen to lead the new government in 1848?

A

Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine.

Their leadership marked a significant change in the Canadian political landscape.

246
Q

What significant action did Governor Lord Elgin take in 1849?

A

He passed the Rebellion Losses Bill.

This action demonstrated the acceptance of responsible government, despite his personal opposition to the bill.

247
Q

In which year did the Reformers win a huge election victory?

A

1848.

This victory indicated a strong desire for change among the people.

248
Q

True or False: The British rulers supported the establishment of responsible government.

A

False.

British rulers opposed the idea of responsible government at the time.

249
Q

Fill in the blank: In responsible government, the elected representatives in the Assembly would express the wishes of the _______.

A

citizens.

This relationship is crucial for democratic governance.

250
Q

What was the role of the governor in responsible government?

A

To follow the wishes of the Assembly.

This role is essential for the functioning of responsible government.

251
Q

What did the election victory of the Reformers in 1848 signify?

A

A strong demand for change among the populace.

This victory set the stage for significant political reforms.

1. Elliot Social 7 50% (17 decks)

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