6 Anatomy of the circulatory system Flashcards
Anterior
Ventral/front
Posterior
Dorsal/back
Superior
Towards the sky
Inferior
Towards the ground
Medial
Closer to the midline
Lateral
Further from the core (the thumb is lateral to the pinky)
Distal
Further from the core vertically (head is distal to the neck)
Proximal
The shoulder is proximal to the elbow (closer to the core vertically)
What does the Circ System transport
O2 waste WBC's Hormones Nutrients
Name the different circ systems:
Blood:
- cardiac
- pulmonary
- systemic
Specialised
- portal
- foetal
Lymph
Which blood Circ Systems are high pressure?
systemic and cardiac
Cephalic
Head
Popliteal fossa
Knee pit
Axillary fossa
elbow pit
Name 7 pulses:
- brachial
- radial
- carotid
- popliteal
- posterior tibial
- dorsal pedilis
- femeral
Which blood circ systems are low pressure?
pulmonary
What is portal circulation?
Artery –> capillary bed –> portal vessel –> capillary bed –> vein
Name the portal circulatons
- hypothalamus –> pituitary (takes hormones) -hypophyseal
- hepatic
Talk me through the hepatic portal vein thingy
-spleen, LI, SI, stomach and pancreas all drain into the hepatic portal vein taking the nutrient rich blood to the liver
Foetal circulation:
GI, lungs and liver aren’t fully developed so they are bypassed
Lymphatic circulation consists of
- a network of lymph vessels
- lymph
- lymph nodes (filter blood and detect infection)
- lymph tissues and organs
Features of lymph capillaries:
- more leaky than regular ones so can take up plasma proteins
- dead ended
- adjacent to capillary beds
What are the functions of the lymph system?
- play a role in immune response
- drainage of extra interstitial fluid left behind at capillary beds (15%)
What would we get without the lymph system?
oedema
once the ISF enters the lypmh vapillary:
It is called lymph
- travels through afferent vessels to nodes to efferent vessels to lymph trunks –> right lymphatic duct
- –>thoracic
Where does the right lymphatic duct drain to
Right side of:
head
neck
thorax and upper limb (arm)
Drains to right subclavian vein
where does the thoracic duct drain to ?
-everything else
drains to left subclavian vein
