5A: OLD Flashcards
What is the effect of air quality on OTS?
Poor air quality will increase issues due to lower oxygen inspiration
What % of air is oxygen?
21%
How does the airway affect OTS?
If the airway is open or has any blockages it can impact gas diffusion
What effect do the lungs and chest wall have on OTS?
Compliance properties
What is diffusion?
Movement of gas from airway to capillary and back
What is the definition of perfusion?
Distribution of blood
How does myocardial function affect OTS?
CO to generate good flow and pressure
What % of oxygen do tissues extract from the blood at rest?
23%
What is the formula for oxygen delivery (DO2)?
Arterial oxygen content X CO
What is oxygen consumption (VO2)?
Amount of oxygen needed at the cell for anaerobic metabolism
What is the formula for VO2?
(Arterial - venous oxygen content) X CO
What is the oxygen extraction ratio (OER)?
How much oxygen is really being used
What is the OER equation?
VO2/DO2
What is dissociation in relation to the oxygen dissociation curve?
Releasing of oxygen from hemoglobin
At what pressure does O2 rapidly drop off hemoglobin?
< 50 mmHg
How much of transported O2 is dissociated from 100-60 mmHg?
10%
What three things increase the rate of dissociation?
- Increased temperature
- High concentrations of CO2
- Low pH
What four things will cause the Oxygen Dissociation Curve to shift to the right?
- Increase H+
- Increased CO2
- Increased temp
- Increased BP
What is hypoxemia and the value?
Decreased oxygen in the blood (40-60 mmHg)
What is hypoxia?
Decreased oxygen in the cell tissue
What influences hypoxia?
Level of oxygen, capillary circulation adequacy, hemoglobin levels, carrying capacity
What are the two main categories of pulmonary disease?
Obstructive Lung Disease and Restrictive Lung Disease
What is the definition of COPD?
Disease process which is characterized by a progressive loss of lung function
What are the 5 OLD pathologies?
- Asthma
- COPD
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
- Lung Cancer
What will you see on a chest x-ray in a patient with OLD?
- Hyperinflation
- Flattened diaphragm
- Increased right ventricular size
What will RV be in a patient with OLD?
Increased
What will TLC be in a patient with OLD?
Increased
What will FRC be in a patient with OLD?
Increased
What will Forced VC be in a patient with OLD?
Decreased
What will FEV1 be in a patient with OLD?
Decreased
How will chronic acid/base values appear?
Compensated
How will acute acid/base values appear?
Uncompensated
What is polycythemia?
Increased RBC
What will show up on bloodwork with OLD?
Acid base values and polycythemia
