5.3 + 5.4 + 5.5 Flashcards
How many ions do transition metals form?
2 or more (this includes the metals below the later in group 14)
exception: Zn2+, Cd2+, Ag+ (these elements only have one ion)
what do roman numerals represent in ionic compounds?
a transition elements’ charge
polyatomic ions
group of covalently bonded atoms with an overall ionic charge
if you add an “H” in front of a polyatomic atom, what is its’ naming rule?
you add “bi” in front
eg. HSO3- bisulfite
polyatomic atoms end in:
-ate
what is the indication that there is one less oxygen than the “-ate” form?
-ite
covalent bonds
nonmetals share electrons to form an octet
Formation of H2
What happens when a H atom gets closer to another H atom? What kind of bond forms?
attraction increases as they get closer
they form a covalent bond (share electrons)
what kind of bonds do diatomic molecules contain?
covalent
What are the 7 diatomic molecules?
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Fluorine, Oxygen, Iodine, Chlorine, Bromine
How do you know the number of covalent bond an atom forms?
It usually forms as many it need to form have an octet
what is the indication that there is one more oxygen than the “-ate” form?
per-
what is the indication that there is two less oxygen than the “-ate” form/one less oxygen than the “-ite” form?
hypo-
What are some elements that doesnt follow the octet rule
2,3,4,10,12,14
H- 2 electrons B- 3 electrons Be- 4 electrons P- 10 electrons S- 12 electrons Cl,Br,I- 14 electrons
molecule
2 or more atoms that share electrons
single bond
one pair of electrons are shared
double bond
two pairs of electrons are shared
triple bond
three pairs of electrons are shared
resonance structures
two or more electron dot arrangement for a formula
how do you show that two or more resonance structures are related?
a double headed arrow
what is another word for “shared electrons?”
bonding pair
lone pair
non binding pairs of electrons
