5.1 + 5.2

Question 1

Why are octets formed?

Answer 1

so atoms can be more stable

Question 2

how are octets formed?

Answer 2

by sharing (covalent) or transferring of electrons (ionic)

Question 3

covalent compounds

Answer 3

nonmetals share electrons

Question 4

ionic compounds

Answer 4

metal electron transferred to nonmetal

Question 5

what kinds of compounds are minerals?

Answer 5

ionic compounds

Question 6

what are sapphires and rubies made from?

Answer 6

Aluminum oxide

Question 7

octet rule

Answer 7

tendency for atoms to obtain 8 valence electrons

Question 8

what doesn’t the octet rule apply to?

Answer 8

transition elements

Question 9

what makes noble gases stable?

exception

Answer 9

it has an octet

exception: helium

Question 10

Is helium stable?

Answer 10

yes, it is stable with valence electrons

Question 11

cations

formed by?

Answer 11

positive ions

formed by metals that lose electrons

Question 12

anions

formed by?

Answer 12

negative ions

formed by nonmetals that gain electron

Question 13

what happens to the ending go anions?

Answer 13

it ends in -ide

Question 14

ionic compounds
consists of?
melting/boiling point?
state @ room temp?

Answer 14

consists of positive and negative ions
high melting and boiling points
solid @ room temperature

Question 15

what kinds of attractive force do ionic compounds have?

Answer 15

ionic bonds

Question 16

chemical formulas of ionic bonds are written as:

Answer 16

cations first, then anions

Question 17

formula unit

Answer 17

lowest ratio of ions for an ionic compound to be balanced