5.2.1 (e,f) the light-independant stage Flashcards
where does light-independant occur?
in the stroma
what are the 3 stages of light independant?
fixation
reduction
regeneration
what is the light-independant also called?
the Calvin cycle
what happens during fixation?
CO2 reacts with ribulose bisphosphate which produces an unstable 6 carbon molecule
how does CO2 enter the stroma?
diffuses into the plant through the stomata and then diffuses into the cell and chloroplasts
which enzyme catalyses fixation?
RuBisCo
what does the 6 carbon molecule break down into and why?
it is extremely unstable so immediately breaks down into 2 x glycerate 3-phosphate molecules
what happens during reduction?
the glycerate 3 phosphate molecules are reduced to 2 x triose phosphate molecules
how are glycerate 3 phosphate molecules reduced?
by gaining a hydrogen from reduced NADP
what is needed for reduction to occur in the calvin cycle?
reduced NADP donates a hydrogen
ATP supplies energy by converting to ADP + P
what is triose phosphate used for?
glucose
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
regeneation of ribulose bisphosphate
how many full turns of the calvin cycle occurs?
6
how many triosphosphate molecules are produced after 6 cycles?
12
how many triosphosphate molecules are used for making complex molecules?
2
1 out of every 6
how many triosphosphate molecules are used for regenerating ribulose bisphosphate?
10
5 out of every 6
diagram of light-independent reaction
