5.1 Study Guide

Question 1

the
position/ mass/ charge/function of protons

Answer 1

Nucleus, 1 amu, +, determines the identity of the atom.

Question 2

the
position/ mass/ charge/function of Neutrons

Answer 2

Nucleus, 1 amu, 0, holds the nucleus together

Question 3

the
position/ mass/ charge/function of Electrons

Answer 3

Electron cloud, relatively 0, -, used to bond with other atoms.

Question 4

Definition of isotope

Answer 4

The same element with different amounts of neutrons.

Question 5

Which charges attract or repel

Answer 5

Opposites attract, same repel.

Question 6

The relationship between coulombic attraction and amount of charge

Answer 6

Direct relationship

Question 7

The relationship between coulombic attraction and distance

Answer 7

Inverse relationship

Question 8

Definition of electronegativity

Answer 8

The measure of a tendency of an atom to attract electrons

Question 9

Determine the atomic mass, element, and ion charge of an atom based on # of protons, electrons, and neutrons

Answer 9

The combination of protons and neutrons make the atomic mass, the element depends on the amount of protons, and ionic charge depends on amount of protons to amount of Electrons.

Question 10

Determine the # of protons, electrons, and neutrons when given the element, atomic mass, and ion charge

Answer 10

The element gives you the amount of protons, you take the mass minus the amount of protons to give you neutrons, then you look at the charge of that atom to see the ion charge.

Question 11

Explain why isotopes can be useful in scientific research

Answer 11

The base isotope can be found the easiest, the 2nd has more stability, then the 3rd one isn’t stable.

Question 12

Pick which atom has a stronger or weaker attraction for valence electrons and explain why

Answer 12

Sodium Vs. Fluorine. Sodium would have the weaker attraction since it is lower on the table and Fluorine is higher.

Question 13

Pick which atom has a higher electronegativity and explain why