5.1 Study Guide

Question 1

What is the position, mass, charge, and function of protons

Answer 1

position: in nucleus
mass: heavy
charge: +1
function: determines the identity of the atom

Question 2

What is the position, mass, charge, and function of neutrons

Answer 2

position: in nucleus
mass: heavy
charge: 0
function: holds together the nucleus

Question 3

What is the position, mass, charge, and function of electrons

Answer 3

position: outside the nucleus
mass: virtually 0
charge: -1
function: reactivity

Question 4

Definition of isotope

Answer 4

different atoms of the same element, but with different amounts of neutrons

Question 5

Which charges attract or repel

Answer 5

opposites attract, same repel

Question 6

What is the relationship between coulombic attraction and amount of charge

Answer 6

the greater the nuclear charge and the shorter the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron

Question 7

What is the relationship between coulombic attraction and distance

Answer 7

inverse relationship

Question 8

Explain why isotopes can be useful in scientific research

Answer 8

for things under different conditions

Question 9

Predict how electrical force will change when charge of particles or distance between them changes by a certain factor

Answer 9

If the charges on both objects are increased, the electric force between them will be larger

Question 10

Pick which atom has a stronger or weaker attraction for valence electrons and explain why

Answer 10

An atom that has its electrons close to the nucleus and has more protons will have a strong attraction