5.1 Nazi policies towards the Jews Flashcards
When was the Wannsee Conference?
20th January 1942
What did the Wannsee Conference decide?
The Final Solution and how to implement it
Following mass emigration in the 1930s, how many Jews were left in Germany?
Less than 200,000
How many Jews were in Poland?
3 million
What was ghettoisation?
Forcing Jews to move into ghettos in cities in Poland
What were the ghettos known as?
Jewish Quarters
What were the conditions in the ghettos?
Poor housing, restriction of food, and starvation was common. Diseases spread rapidly.
How high was the wall that surrounded the Jewish ghetto in Warsaw?
3.5 metres topped with barbed wire
Between January 1941 and July 1942, how many Jews died of starvation and disease on average?
4,000
When were the Warsaw Jews ‘resettled’
July 1942
How many of the Warsaw Jews were sent to camps in Eastern Poland?
250,000. Most were put to death
When did Germany invade the Soviet Union?
June 1941
What is the name of the special unit that followed the Germany army into the USSR to kill Jews?
Einsatzgruppen
How were Jews often killed by the Einsatzgruppen?
Shot or gassed and bodies thrown into mass graves
How many civilians are estimated to have been killed by the Einsatzgruppen by 1943 in the USSR?
1.2 million
What happened in Ejszyszki?
- Town in Lithuania
- 4,000 Jews were rounded up into three synagogues
- Held there for two days, then taken to the cemetery and shot in front of open pits
When was the Final Solution decided?
20th January 1942 at the Wannsee Conference
What were concentration camps to be converted to in the Final Solution?
Extermination camps
How many Jews were put to death after the Final Solution
Almost 6 million
How many non-Jews were killed as a result of the Nazis persecution?
5 million
Medically, what happened to some of the Jews transported to concentration camps?
They were part of medical experiments
What did propaganda show of the concentration camps?
Made them out as ‘resettlement camps’
Showed actors being treated well and living in good conditions
Explain the Warsaw Uprising
- A month of fighting against transportation to Treblinka
- 56,000 Jews were arrested
What happened to Rudolph Hoess in 1947?
Arrested for his crimes
What job did Rudolph Hoess have?
Commandant of Auschwitz
Who became the SS General in 1941?
Reinhard Heydrich
Who was chosen to be in charge of administering the Final Solution?
Heydrich
When was Heydrich killed?
May 1942 by Czech hit squad
What did the Nazis do in response to Heydrich’s death?
Executing over 1,000 Czechs and massacring the whole village of Lidice.
