5.1 Communities And Ecosystems Flashcards
Define habitat
Where organism lives and reproduces and in it’s environment (tree branch seashore)
Defined population.
A group of organisms of the same species which to live in the same area at the same time.
Defined community
The various populations/species living and interacting with each other in the area [fish community in a river]
Define ecosystem
Communities of populations [biotic] and the abiotic factors similar
-where the community generally not a specific to A specie.
example for Forest, pond, ocean.
Define ecology
The study of the relationships between living organisms and between organisms and their environment
Distinguish between autotroph’s and heterotrophs.
Autotrophs: make their own food using photosynthesis example plants and algae.
Heterotrophs: consume other organs as its own food source ex: zebra & lions
Distinguish between consumers, detritivores and saphotrophs
Consumers: living things or recently killed – lion
Detritivores: dead things (dead leaves carcasses - scavengers, earthworms
Saphotrophs: absorb nutrients from dead things using digestive enzymes – not eating – fungi/bacteria
Describe what is meant by the chain giving three examples each with a three linkage [4 organisms]
Food chains: sequence showing feeding relationships and energy flow between species, arrows show energy flow(food to eater) level is labeled as a tropic level either T1 T2 T3 T4 or producer primary consumers that you can see my territory consumer, decomposers are not shown, specie name needed [not just fish], don’t use people
Ex: kelp-> sea urchin -> sea otter -> great white shark
Grass-> mouse -> snake -> hawk
What is light for community’s ?
Light – sunlight – is initial energy source for almost all communities. [Produces can only make energy from sunlight and it’s at sunlight this past organisms as they eat)
explain the energy flow in a food chain
Light is absorbed by producer, T1 producer uses late to create chemical energy through photosynthesis, T2 consumes is producer obtains producers energy, T3 consumes T2 energy is transferred through digestive carbs lipids proteins.
Are energy transformations ever 100% efficient?
No energy never transfers 100% efficient through trophic levels
Explain reason for the shape of the pyramid of energy
Each trophic level is only 10% of level before
B/c
Energy is released by organisms through cell respiration in order for muscle contraction movement between sells parts of the organism like hair and phones aren’t even, parts are in this just about to pass out a species, organisms die before they even.
Explain that energy enters and leaves ecosystems, but nutrients must be recycled
Energy equals light. Met converted light is converted into chemical energy by producer Chandra through trophic level levels let out through heat, cannot recycle he energy, on the radiated into the environment, is no longer an energy source energy to be continues to be a place by sun.
Nutrients [carbon nitrogen elements] also need to survive, nutrients absorbed with an owner finance to oxygen carbon exchange of plants animals and plants retention from soil] once each answer to the organism they are contained must eat or decomposing I’ll get your cycle need nutrients through organism
What two things recycle nutrients,?
Sapphotrophic bacteria and fungi
Describe what is meant by a food web
Food webs interact connecting series of food chains, shows animals eating different types of food/animals can be a different trophic levels, arrows indicate direction of energy flow [same as the chain], each row could be a trophy club level especially T1 & t2producers always at the bottom crisscross as little as possible decomposers not show
