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Spinal Anatomy > Exam 2 - Regions of the Vertebral Column (Lumbar) > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Regions of the Vertebral Column (Lumbar) Flashcards

1
Q

What parts of the verebra may be used to distinguish L1-L4 for L5

A 
vertebral body
pedicle
articular process
transverse process
spinous process
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2
Q

What is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

reniform/kidney shaped

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3
Q

What accounts for the direction of the lumbar curve?

A

the vertebral body AND intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height
LORDOTIC curve

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4
Q

WHat is the effect of aging on the vertebral body of a lumbar vertebra

A

decrease in height

increase in circumference

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5
Q

What muscles may attach to a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major

psoas minor

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6
Q

Psoas minor will only attach to the vertebral body of which segments?

A

T12 and L!

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7
Q

What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral body to articular process?

A

transforaminal ligaments

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8
Q

What ligaments attach the vertebral body to the transverse process?

A

corporotransverse ligaments

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9
Q

What names identify ligaments that attach the dura mater to the vertebral body or pedicle?

A

hoffmann ligaments (megningeovertebral / anterior dural / Trolard’s Ligament)

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10
Q

hofmann ligaments are identified in which regions along the vertebral column?

A

cervical - upper thoracic

lumbar region

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11
Q

Cercical - upper thoracic hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

duramater to segments above

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12
Q

What is the highes tlevel known to demonstrate hofmann ligaments?

A

C6

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13
Q

What is the proposed function of the cervical - upper thoracic hofmann ligaments

A

resist caudal movent of the dural sac

resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord

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14
Q

Lumbar Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to lower segmental levels

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15
Q

What is the proposed function of the lumbar hofmann ligaments?

A

resist cranial movement of the dural sac during flexion

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16
Q

What is the proposed function of the proximal root sleeve ligament?

A

resist displacement of the peripheral nerve system in the intervertebral foramen

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17
Q

What osseous conditions of lumbar vertebrae facilitate a spinal tap in this region?

A

overlap of the laminae, shingling diminishes

overlap of spinous processes; imbrication diminishes

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18
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen of a typical lumbar vertebra?

A

triangular

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19
Q

How does the size of the vertebral foramen differ along the spine?

A

cervicals have the greates size
lumbars
thoracis are smallest

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20
Q

What part of the central nerve system is present in the lumbar spine?

A

conus medullaris is typically present in the vertebral forament of L1

21
Q

What is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar transverse process?

A

accessory process

22
Q

A styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?

A

7% occurrence as a result of CONGENITAL elongation of the lumbar accessory process

23
Q

What parts of a vertebra are attached via the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

the mammillary process and accessory process of the same segment

24
Q

What was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve

25
Q

What muscles attach to the lumbar accessory process?

A

longissimus thoracis

intertransversarii

26
Q

What are the orientation of the lumbar SAF and IAF?

A

BUM

FoLD

27
Q

What is Baastrup’s Syndrome / Kissing spines?

A

elongation of the lumbar spinous process as a result of AGING

28
Q

What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar vertebrae?

A 
psoas major
quadratus lumborum
longissimus thoracis
rotator brevis
rotator longus
intertransversarii
29
Q

What are the posterior elements of the vertebra?

A

zygapophysis
lamina
spinous process

30
Q

What are the anterior elements of the vertebra?

A

vertebral body

pedicle

31
Q

What is the orientation of the typical lumbar superior articular facet?

A

BUM

32
Q

What is the orientation of a typical lumbar inferior articular facet?

A

FoLD

33
Q

What is the name given to the projection on the lumbar superior articular process?

A

mammillary process

34
Q

What muscles will attach to lumbar superior articular processes?

A

multifidis

intertransversarii

35
Q

What muscles will attach to the mammillary process?

A

Multifidis

intertransversarii

36
Q

What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?

A

mammillo-accessory ligament

37
Q

Whatg is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?

A

saggital plane for L1/L2 L2/L3 and L3/L4

coronal plane for L4/L5 and L5/S1

38
Q

What name is given to zygapophyses between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?

A

joint symmetry

39
Q

Define or describe joint tropism

A

the condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane and the other zygapophysis lies in the sagittal plane

40
Q

What is the name of the condition in which the typical lumbar spinous process increases in length due to aging?

A

Baastrup’s syndrome / kissing spines

41
Q

What muscles attach to the typical lumbar spinous?

A 
latissimus dorsi
serratus posterior inferior
iliocostalis lumborum
longissimus thoracis
spinalis thoracis
multifidis
rotator longus
rotator brevis
interspinalis
42
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the 5th lumbar?

A

six

43
Q

What joint classifications will be observed at the vertebral body of the 5th lumbar?

A

cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

44
Q

What muscle attaches to the 5th lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major

45
Q

What characteristic of the L1-L4 pedicle may be used to differentiate it from the L5 segment?

A

On cranial view, the lateral surface of the pedicle is apparent on a L1-L4 segment
At L5 the transverse process originates from the vertebral body pedicle and lamina-pedicle region

46
Q

What muscles may attach to the transverse process of the 5th thoracic vertebra?

A 
psoas major
quadratus lumborum
longissimus thoracis
rotator brevis
rotator longus
intertransversarii
47
Q

What ligaments traditionally attach to the transverse process of the 5th lumbar vertebra?

A

lumbosacral
iliolumbar
mammillo-accessory ligaments

48
Q

WHat is knife clasp syndrome?

A

the congenital condition in which the L5 spinous prcess is elongated
the sacrum exhibits spina bifida
dorsiflexion produces pain

Spinal Anatomy (21 decks)

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