Exam 2 - Regions of the Vertebral Column (Lumbar) Flashcards
What parts of the verebra may be used to distinguish L1-L4 for L5
vertebral body pedicle articular process transverse process spinous process
What is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral body from the cranial view?
reniform/kidney shaped
What accounts for the direction of the lumbar curve?
the vertebral body AND intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height
LORDOTIC curve
WHat is the effect of aging on the vertebral body of a lumbar vertebra
decrease in height
increase in circumference
What muscles may attach to a typical lumbar vertebral body?
psoas major
psoas minor
Psoas minor will only attach to the vertebral body of which segments?
T12 and L!
What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral body to articular process?
transforaminal ligaments
What ligaments attach the vertebral body to the transverse process?
corporotransverse ligaments
What names identify ligaments that attach the dura mater to the vertebral body or pedicle?
hoffmann ligaments (megningeovertebral / anterior dural / Trolard’s Ligament)
hofmann ligaments are identified in which regions along the vertebral column?
cervical - upper thoracic
lumbar region
Cercical - upper thoracic hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?
duramater to segments above
What is the highes tlevel known to demonstrate hofmann ligaments?
C6
What is the proposed function of the cervical - upper thoracic hofmann ligaments
resist caudal movent of the dural sac
resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord
Lumbar Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?
dura mater to lower segmental levels
What is the proposed function of the lumbar hofmann ligaments?
resist cranial movement of the dural sac during flexion
What is the proposed function of the proximal root sleeve ligament?
resist displacement of the peripheral nerve system in the intervertebral foramen
What osseous conditions of lumbar vertebrae facilitate a spinal tap in this region?
overlap of the laminae, shingling diminishes
overlap of spinous processes; imbrication diminishes
What is the outline of the vertebral foramen of a typical lumbar vertebra?
triangular
How does the size of the vertebral foramen differ along the spine?
cervicals have the greates size
lumbars
thoracis are smallest
What part of the central nerve system is present in the lumbar spine?
conus medullaris is typically present in the vertebral forament of L1
What is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar transverse process?
accessory process
A styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?
7% occurrence as a result of CONGENITAL elongation of the lumbar accessory process
What parts of a vertebra are attached via the mammillo-accessory ligament?
the mammillary process and accessory process of the same segment
What was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?
the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve
What muscles attach to the lumbar accessory process?
longissimus thoracis
intertransversarii
What are the orientation of the lumbar SAF and IAF?
BUM
FoLD
What is Baastrup’s Syndrome / Kissing spines?
elongation of the lumbar spinous process as a result of AGING
What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar vertebrae?
psoas major quadratus lumborum longissimus thoracis rotator brevis rotator longus intertransversarii
What are the posterior elements of the vertebra?
zygapophysis
lamina
spinous process
What are the anterior elements of the vertebra?
vertebral body
pedicle
What is the orientation of the typical lumbar superior articular facet?
BUM
What is the orientation of a typical lumbar inferior articular facet?
FoLD
What is the name given to the projection on the lumbar superior articular process?
mammillary process
What muscles will attach to lumbar superior articular processes?
multifidis
intertransversarii
What muscles will attach to the mammillary process?
Multifidis
intertransversarii
What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?
mammillo-accessory ligament
Whatg is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?
saggital plane for L1/L2 L2/L3 and L3/L4
coronal plane for L4/L5 and L5/S1
What name is given to zygapophyses between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?
joint symmetry
Define or describe joint tropism
the condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane and the other zygapophysis lies in the sagittal plane
What is the name of the condition in which the typical lumbar spinous process increases in length due to aging?
Baastrup’s syndrome / kissing spines
What muscles attach to the typical lumbar spinous?
latissimus dorsi serratus posterior inferior iliocostalis lumborum longissimus thoracis spinalis thoracis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis interspinalis
How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the 5th lumbar?
six
What joint classifications will be observed at the vertebral body of the 5th lumbar?
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
What muscle attaches to the 5th lumbar vertebral body?
psoas major
What characteristic of the L1-L4 pedicle may be used to differentiate it from the L5 segment?
On cranial view, the lateral surface of the pedicle is apparent on a L1-L4 segment
At L5 the transverse process originates from the vertebral body pedicle and lamina-pedicle region
What muscles may attach to the transverse process of the 5th thoracic vertebra?
psoas major quadratus lumborum longissimus thoracis rotator brevis rotator longus intertransversarii
What ligaments traditionally attach to the transverse process of the 5th lumbar vertebra?
lumbosacral
iliolumbar
mammillo-accessory ligaments
WHat is knife clasp syndrome?
the congenital condition in which the L5 spinous prcess is elongated
the sacrum exhibits spina bifida
dorsiflexion produces pain
