5. Pharmacology Flashcards
Membrane stabilizers
dissolution in plasma membrane
lipid bilayer affects activity of membrane bound proteins
Antacids
neutralisation of stomach acid
Osmotic laxatives
retain water in the digestive tract
Redox reagents
CO poisoning treated with sodium nitrite
Surfactants
some antiseptics and antimicrobial agents
Agonist Drugs
Nicotine
morphine
salbutamol
Antagonist Drugs
propranolol
naloxone
ranitidine
chlorpromazine
efficacy of a full agonist
1 – max response
Efficacy of a partial agonist
<1 (but > 0)
Receptor Antagonists
Efficacy of antagonists is ZERO
Blocks the effects of agonists
Competitive Antagonists
Bind to the agonist recognition site
Competes with agonist for occupation of the binding site
High levels of agonist can displace antagonist
Parallel rightward shift in dose-response curve
Irreversible Antagonism
Antagonist does not dissociate from binding site
High levels of agonist cannot displace antagonist
Non-parallel shift in dose-response curve
Rmax is depressed
Non-competitive Antagonism
does not bind to agonist recognition site
Rmax is depressed
high levels of agonist cannot displace antagonist
Therapeutic ratio
dose required to induce side-effect / therapeutic dose TD50 / ED50
