14. Hypertension Flashcards by idhil Unknown | Brainscape

Q

hypertension in patient <50 years

A

140/90mmHg

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

hypertension patient 50+

A

160/95mmHg

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Proposed mechanism of hypertension

A

renal excretion of Na and water

baroreceptor operates at higher set point

renin secretion

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Drug Therapies for Hypertension

A

ACE inhibitors

ARBs

Alpha-blockers

Beta-blockers

Calcium channel blockers

Thiazide diuretics

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

ACE Inhibitors MECHANISMS OF ACTION

A

Inhibits conversion of AngI to Ang II

Inhibits degradation of bradykinin

bradykinin produces vasodilation

Reduces aldosterone secretion

Renal vasodilation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

ADVERSE EFFECTS of ACE Inhibitors

A

Cough

Altered taste

Burning mouth syndrome

Fetal injury

Renal failure

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

ARBs MECHANISMS OF ACTION

A

Inhibit Ang II

Vasodilatation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Calcium Channel Blockers MECHANISMS OF ACTION

A

act on L type calcium channels

Block Ca entry into smooth muscle cells

vasodilatation

Inhibit slow calcium current in sinus and AV node

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Calcium Channel Blockers Adverse Effects

A

Flushing headache

Oedema

Bradycardia

heart block

Heart failure

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Thiazide Diuretics MECHANISMS OF ACTION

A

Increase excretion of Na, Cl, K and water

Blocks Na-Cl cotransport in distal nephron

More Na reaches distal tubule

some exchanged by Na-K transport

BP lowered

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Thiazide Diuretics Adverse effects

A

Hypokalaemia

Impotence

Diabetes

Orthostatic Hypotension

Gout

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Alpha Blockers

A

Block vascular SM 1-adrenoceptors

vasodilatation

↓BP

↑ HR

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

ABCD categorisation

A

A = ACEI , ARBs

B = Beta blockers

C = CCBs

D = Diuretics

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

AB drugs

A

inhibit renin-angiotensin system

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

CD drugs

A

reduce peripheral resistance

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Alpha blockers examples

A

1) Prazosin
2) Doxazosin