5 enzymes Flashcards
Enzyme
A biological catalyst that controls the speed of reactions.
Catalyst
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up or changed by the reaction.
Protein
Proteins are made of the biological building block called amino acids. Proteins are used to synthesise muscle, skin, bone, skin and enzymes. Sources of protein are meat, cheese, fish, yoghurt.
Carbohydrases
Enzymes break down starch into simple carbohydrates such as glucose.
Proteases
A group of enzymes which break down proteins.
Lipases
Type of enzyme that breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol.
Substate
The substance on which an enzyme acts.
Active site
A specific region of an enzyme where catalysis happens.
Complementary
Shapes that fit together as in an antibody-antigen or enzyme-substrate complex.
Denaturation
The process in which the shape of an enzyme and its active site is changed, usually permanently.
Enzyme-substrate complex
The structure is formed when a substrate attaches to the active site of an enzyme.
Optimum pH
The pH at which the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction is greatest.
Effective Collision
A collision between reactant particles, with the activation energy or more, that results in a chemical reaction.
Activation energy
The minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur.
Optimum temp
The pH at which the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction is greatest.
Amylase
Found in Salivary glands and duodenum(SI)
It acts on starch
Produces maltose/ simple sugars
Protease
-Pepsin
-Trypsin
Pepsin-Stomach
Trypsin-Dupdenum(SI)
It acts on protein
Produces amino acids
Lipase
Found in Duodenum (SI)
It acts on lipids
Produces fatty acids and glycerol
Sucrase
Found in ileum
It acts on sucrose
Produces glucose/simple sugars
Maltase
Found in ileum
It acts on Maltose
Produces Glucose/Simple sugars
Lactase
Found in ileum
It acts on lactose
Produces simple sugars
