5 Biological Membranes Flashcards
What forms the main outer layer of the membrane
HydrophILIC phosphate heads
(from phospholipids)
What forms the Main inner layer of the membrane
HydrophOBIC Fatty acid tails
(from phospholipids)
What is solid and is located half way into the Phospholipid membrane with half of it sticking out and it has tails (name + use)
Extrinsic protein
receptor
What is solid and is located all the way through the Phospholipid membrane with it sticking out both sides (name + use)
(Intrinsic) Integral protein
Transports chemicals across the membrane both up and down the concentration gradient
What is located all the way through the Phospholipid membrane with an inner channel, with it sticking out both sides (name + use)
(intrinsic) Channel protein
Facilitate the transport of molecules down the concentration gradient
What is solid and is made up of multiple hexagon shapes and is located half way into the Phospholipid membrane with half of it sticking out (name + use)
Cholesterol
Membrane stability
Regulates the fluidity of the membrane
What are the heads and tails called in the membrane
Phospholipid bilayer
What are the connected hexagons attached to the heads of the phospholipid bilayer called (name + use)
Glycolipid
- cell signalling/ cell interactions
- Maintain stability
What are the connected hexagons attached to the globular protein which is attached to the heads of the phospholipid bilayer called (name + use)
Glycoproteins
-recognise other cells to see if they are familiar or foreign
- Help cells attach to other cells (adhesion)
what are the hexagons attached to the phospholipid bilayer called (what makes up the glycoproteins and glycolipids) (name + use)
Carbohydrate
What factors affect the membrane structure
-temperature
-presence of solvents
-alcohol
