3 Nucleic Acids Flashcards
What is the double membrane called in the nucleus
-what does it do
-Nuclear envelope
-protects DNA from being damaged in the cytoplasm
Where does protein synthesis occur
-Cytoplasm at ribosomes
-DNA cannot leave cell
Steps of DNA replication for the leading strand
-Helicase = unzips DNA
-Primase = makes small RNA called primer which is the starting point of the new DNA
-DNA polymerase = binds to the primer and connects bases from 5’ to 3’
-Exonuclease = removes RNA primer
-DNA polymerase = fills in where primer was
-DNA ligase = seals up fragments
-This is semi-conservative replication
Steps of DNA replication for the lagging strand
-Helicase = unzips DNA
-Primase = makes multiple small RNA primers which is the starting point of the new DNA
-DNA polymerase = binds to the primer and connects bases from 5’ to 3’ in between the RNA primers (called Okazaki fragments)
-Exonuclease = removes RNA primers
-DNA polymerase = fills in where the primers were
-DNA ligase = seals up fragments
-This is semi-conservative replication
how does Translocation occur?
-creates amino acids
In DNA what does A pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
T
2 hydrogen bonds
In DNA what does C pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
G
3 hydrogen bonds
In DNA what does G pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
C
3 hydrogen bonds
In DNA what does T pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
A
2 hydrogen bonds
In RNA what does A pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
U
2 hydrogen bonds
In RNA what does C pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
G
3 hydrogen bonds
In RNA what does G pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
C
3 hydrogen bonds
In RNA what does T+U pair with?
-how many hydrogen bonds
A
2 hydrogen bonds
Which direction is the leading strand in
5’-3’
which direction is the lagging strand in
3’-5’
