Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exercise Phys > (4C, Ch30,30+) Energy Balance and Body/Fat Mass > Flashcards

(4C, Ch30,30+) Energy Balance and Body/Fat Mass Flashcards

1
Q

A big increase in prevalence of overweight and obesity in the US over the last several decades is LEAST LIKELY to be due to changes in…

A. Patterns of caloric consumption
B. Patterns of physical activity
C. A change in the genetics of the population (i.e. evolution)

A

C. A change in the genetics of the population (i.e. evolution)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

You see your uncle only once a year at Thanksgiving. You notice that this year, he’s packing plenty of extra baggage in the abdominal area. He has been in….

A. positive energy balance
B. energy balance
C. negative energy balance
D. all of the above

A

A. positive energy balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Corylin ____ metabolic rate (thermogenesis) via activation of uncoupling in brown adipose tissue

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of fat has an abundance of mitochondria and high expression of uncoupling protein, allowing large heat generation?

A. white fat
B. brown fat

A

B. brown fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which is more effective for fat loss?

A. Diet by itself
B. Resistance training by itself
C. Diet with resistance training

A

C. Diet with resistance training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Large weight loss in the first week of a diet is most likely due to…

water loss
fat loss
protein loss

A

water loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which carries a bigger risk? Apple or pear bodies?

A

Apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which corresponds to greater waist-to-hip girth ratio?

A. pear-shaped, gynoid fat distribution
B. apple-shaped, android fat distribution

A

B. apple-shaped, android fat distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who’s engaged in more non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) on a daily basis?

A. Someone who’s aerobically trained or resistance trained

B.a sedentary person

A

A. Someone who’s aerobically trained or resistance trained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Using a cut in caloric intake by itself (without exercise) doesn’t result in as much fat loss as the caloric deficit would indicate, because…

A. the diet increases basal metabolic rate
B. the person needs to eat more to stay on the diet
C. basal metabolic rate decreases, decreasing the daily caloric deficit

A

C. basal metabolic rate decreases, decreasing the daily caloric deficit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many kcals are lost per mile?

A

~100 kcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Energy balance model: Negative energy

A

caloric expenditure is greater than caloric intake (fat loss)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A person limits caloric intake by about 250 kcal/day and also starts exercising to expend about 250 kcal/day beyond her normal activity. About how long will it take her to lose a pound of body fat?

A. less than one day, if she’s on a plan to lose 30 pounds in 20 days

B. about one day, if she’s on a plan to lose 10 pounds in nine days

C. about a week

A

C. about a week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which type of exercise will allow you to expend 500 kcal in 5 minutes?

A. aerobic exercise
B. resistance exercise
C. cross fit
D. high intensity interval training
E. none of the above

A

E. none of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A pound of fat tissue is approximately equivalent to…

100 kcal
2,000 kcal
3,500 kcal

A

3,500 kcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

People who are trained tend to me more physically active outside their planned exercise, so their non-exercise activity thermogenesis (AKA NEAT) _____

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Energy balance model: Positive energy

A

caloric intake exceed caloric expenditure (fat gain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Positive energy balance of 250 kcal/day adds up to the equivalent (3,500 kcal) of a pound of body fat in…

A. A day
B. A week
C. Two weeks
D. A year

A

C. Two weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A person who consumes 1,750 kcal per day and has stable body weight without fluctuations in percentage of body fat needs to do a hospital procedure that requires her to consume no calories over 48 hours. In this time, she will be in negative energy balance that is roughly equivalent to ____ pounds of body fat.

A. 8
B. 0
C. 48 if she does the Dr. Oz walk off body fat in your house diet plan
D. 1
E. 2

A

D. 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Larger lipid content per cell and cell number contribute to _____ adipose mass in obese vs non-obese subjects

A

greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the three main components that correlate with body composition?

A
  1. Cultural transmission
  2. Genetic transmission
  3. Nontransmissible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The higher the waist-to-hip ratio, the _____ likely it is that there’s abdominal adiposity.

A. More
B. less

A

A. More

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Decreasing caloric intake ____ basal metabolic rate but this can be overcome by ____

A

decreases; exercise

24
Q

Which of these would be the best diet in terms of long-term weight loss?

A. low carbohydrate diet
B. low fat diet
C. vegetarian diet
D. a diet plan that promotes long-term adherence to the diet

A

D. a diet plan that promotes long-term adherence to the diet

25
Q

Does weight loss affect the number of adipose cells?

A

No

26
Q

Energy balance model: Energy balance

A

caloric intake matches caloric expenditure

27
Q

Brown adipose tissue allows respiration ____ ATP production, thereby increasing the metabolic rate

A

without

28
Q

Which group has increased lean mass and decreased fat mass?

A. Controls
B. aerobically-trained
C. Resistance trained

A

C. Resistance trained

29
Q

Which has more mitochondria?

White adipose tissue
Beige or brown adipose tissue

A

Beige or brown adipose tissue

30
Q

A person starts an exercise program ends up losing 10 pounds of fat. Where did the fat go?

A. sweated out
B. lost in feces
C. changed to heat
D. transformed into ATP
E. the atoms in the fat had several fates: carbon incorporated into CO2, oxygen almost all incorporated into water, and hydrogen ending up in water

A

E. the atoms in the fat had several fates: carbon incorporated into CO2, oxygen almost all incorporated into water, and hydrogen ending up in water

31
Q

Which is a standard means for assessing body volume?

A. weighing
B. displacement of water
C. displacement of air
D. all of the above
E. B and C

A

E. B and C

32
Q

Which is least dense?

A. skeletal muscle
B. heart
C. bone
D. adipose tissue
E. liver

A

D. adipose tissue

33
Q

Youth BMI trends can be used to ____ adult BMI

A

predict

34
Q

Which maintains lean mass to a greater degree?

A. exercise
B. caloric restriction
C. they’re both the same in regard to lean mass

A

A. exercise

35
Q

What does leptin do?

A

Reduces appetite

36
Q

The uncoupler DNP ___________ metabolic rate, body temperature, sweating, heart rate, ventilation, and risk of liver damage and death.

A. increases
B. decreases

A

A. increases

37
Q

Individuals with large adipose tissue stores become _____

A

leptin resistant

38
Q

For a person who weighs about 65 kg, running a mile is the equivalent of about…

10 kcal
100 kcal
1,000 kcal
10,000 kcal

A

100 kcal

39
Q

Which would LEAST approximate the caloric equivalent of a pound of fat?

A. the reference man running somewhere between 30 and 35 miles

B. the reference woman running somewhere around 35-40 miles

C. an hour of hot yoga

A

C. an hour of hot yoga

40
Q

T/F: After menopause a pear shifts more toward an apple.

A

True

41
Q

A person with these characteristics has greatest health risk:

A. BMI between 18.5 and 24.9; high waist circumference

B. BMI between 18.5 and 24.9; low waist circumference

C. BMI between 30 and 34.9; high waist circumference

D. BMI between 30 and 34.9; low waist circumference

A

C. BMI between 30 and 34.9; high waist circumference

42
Q

Does liposuction provide health benefits?

A

No, only decreases waist circumference but does not alter any metabolic risk factors

43
Q

Size of inv adipocytes is larger in ____ individuals

A

obese

44
Q

BMI classification for obesity

A

> 30

45
Q

____ indv have more adipocytes

A

Obese

46
Q

Uncoupling of respiration from ATP synthesis…

Increases ATP production
Increases respiration and fat oxidation

A

Increases respiration and fat oxidation

47
Q

Which is recommended for burning the most Calories?

A. light
B. moderate
C. heavy

A

B. moderate (bc can maintain for longer w a substantial burn)

48
Q

A person has a body mass of 116 kg and a height of 2 meters. What is this considered? (remember, BMI is kg/m2)

A. below normal
B. normal
C. overweight
D. obese
E. severely obese

A

C. overweight

49
Q

Which corresponds to a greater rate of long-term survival?

A. BMI between 18.5 and 24.9
B. BMI over 30

A

A. BMI between 18.5 and 24.9

50
Q

You consume a candy bar that has 250 kcal. To expend the equivalent amount of calories by walking (assuming that you’re about the example body size of 70 kg), you’d need to walk about ____ miles.

A. one mile at a speed of 250 meters/minute

B. two and a half miles

C. 0.25 miles

D. distance doesn’t matter as long as you’re above 25% of VO2max

E. walking down the hall back to your room from the vending machine ought to do it

A

B. two and a half miles

51
Q

There has been research over the past few decades into factors that could be used to convert ____ fat toward ____ fat in humans as a potential fat loss approach.

A

white; beige

52
Q

Exercise preserves ____ mass during weight loss.

A

lean

53
Q

Which causes greater fat loss and also maintains fat-free mass?

A. diet only
B. diet and exercise together
C. exercise only

A

B. diet and exercise together

54
Q

The more a person weighs, the move the oxygen cost of moving until a person reaches a _____

A

body mass set point

55
Q

A guest on a news show once made the claim that exercise is ineffective for body weight reduction and used this as evidence: resting metabolic rate accounts for more caloric expenditure than moderate exercise. Which of the following accounts for the greatest caloric expenditure?

A. resting metabolism
B. resting metabolism plus daily physical activity

C. resting metabolism plus daily physical activity plus caloric expenditure of digestion

D. resting metabolism plus daily physical activity plus caloric expenditure of digestion plus calories expended during exercise

A

D. resting metabolism plus daily physical activity plus caloric expenditure of digestion plus calories expended during exercise

Exercise Phys (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions