(4B, Ch26) Hot Yoga + Sports Diving Flashcards
In free diving: Lung volume decreases with ____ depth
increased
Upon return to the surface after a dive to 50 meters, who would be best served by exhaling air on the way up?
A. a free-diver who takes a breath before diving and holds it on the way down
B. someone who’s breathing compressed air
C. someone diving with a snorkel
D. all of the above
B. someone who’s breathing compressed air
Higher body fat = ____ decompression times to eliminate dissolved N2
longer
The work is _____ under thermo-neutral and hot conditions
the same
Return to the surface requires taking into account ____ in lung volume for scuba divers
increase
In a free dive at a depth of 10 meters, alveolar PO2 is _____ what it was at the surface.
A. The same as
B. Half what it was
C. Twice what it was
C. Twice what it was
_____ is time spent at maximum depth.
Bottom time
Does increased HR mean the person is working harder?
NO
Under high pressure, nitrogen dissolves in ____
tissues
Consider a person diving without compressed air or a snorkel. At a depth of 10 meters, pressure is ______ what it is at the water’s surface, and lung volume is about _________ what it would be at the surface.
twice; half
twice; twice
half; half
half; twice
twice; half
Which of these requires some sort of CO2 capture process?
A. Closed circuit breathing system
B. Open circuit breathing system
A. Closed circuit breathing system
Damage to the lung occurs when lung volume is _____ residual volume
compressed below
Long-term exposure to high PO2 can cause _____
tissue damage
swimming effort _____ O2 supply
depletes (decreases)
Possible hazards of diving (5)
- middle ear squeeze
- nitrogen narcosis
- rapid decompression
- air embolism
- pneumothorax
A diver can increase dive time by these strategies EXCEPT…
A. swimming vigorously to increase PvCO2
B. hyperventilating before the dive to decrease PaCO2
C. keeping activity to a minimum to avoid CO2 production
A. swimming vigorously to increase PvCO2
In a free dive at a depth of 10 meters, lung volume is _____ what it was at the surface.
A. The same as
B. Half what it was
C. Twice what it was
B. Half what it was
_____ is when a person takes a breath and submerges without a breathing device.
Free diving
VO2 is based on _____ not on heat
workload
The mammalian diving response includes all EXCEPT…
A. bradycardia
B. decreased cardiac output
C. peripheral vasocontriction
D. lactate accumulation in underperfused skeletal muscle
E. increased heart rate
E. increased heart rate
Longer under water dives, _____ time to decompress to allow dissolved N2 to be eliminated without forming bubbles
longer
Using which of these would lead to a diver leaving a trail of bubbles?
A. Closed circuit breathing system
B. Open circuit breathing system
B. Open circuit breathing system
what does working in hot conditions sucha s hot yoga increase? (3)
- perceived exertion
- sweat
- HR
Who would be more in danger of hypoxia (because of a drop in PO2 as lung volume increases) in return to the surface after a deep dive?
A. Free diver
B. Scuba diver
A. Free diver
For every 10m below, pressure increases by ____ atm
1
_____ before a dive can lower PaCO2 from about 40 mm Hg to about 15 mm Hg, thereby extending dive time
Hyperventilation
Which would a person use to prevent decompression injury when returning to the surface after a deep, breathing-assisted dive?
A. Hypobaric chamber
B. Hyperbaric chamber
B. Hyperbaric chamber
Underwater at a depth of 10 meters, the pressure is:
A. 1 atm (e.g. ~760 mm Hg)
B. 2 atm
C. 3 atm
B. 2 atm
After a whale does a long dive that leads to muscle lactate accumulation, what happens to blood lactate when blood flow to (and out of) muscle resumes?
A. Increases
B. decreases
A. Increases
Breathing through a snorkel _______ dead space volume.
Increases
Decreases
Does not affect
Increases
Which would a person use to simulate living at high altitude?
A. Hypobaric chamber
B. Hyperbaric chamber
A. Hypobaric chamber
Which can increase the length of an underwater free dive?
A. hyperventilation before diving
B. breathing pure oxygen before diving
C. vigorous physical activity during the dive
D. holding the breath for a minute before the dive to get used to it
E. deliberately decreasing minute ventilation in the few minutes before the dive
A. hyperventilation before diving
Is stroke volume changed during dives?
No, remains relatively unchanged
at sea level, the atmospheric pressure is about ____ mm Hg
760
PaCO2 of about ____ mmHg is the breath-holding breakpoint
50
Why can’t a person hang out on the bottom of a 10-foot deep pool by using a snorkel that reaches to the surface?
A. at that depth, the diaphragm could not overcome the high pressure, so breathing could not occur
B. even if breathing could occur, the dead space would be so large that little or no fresh air could make it into the alveoli
C. both
C. both
As pressure increases, volume in the lungs _____
decreases
In spring, 2019, scientists were able to attach a heart monitor to a blue whale and measure its heart rate during a dive. If its heart rate at the surface was 23 beats per minute, and its heart rate responded as might be expected from the mammalian diving response, its heart rate at great depth was most likely
A. its maximal heart rate
B. 2 beats per minute
C. 37 beats per minute
D. heart rate corresponding to lactate threshold
E. zero, because the entire dive is supported by anaerobic ATP production
B. 2 beats per minute
If a person breathes in pressurized air at depth, such that lung volume is the same as it would be at the surface, that person should…
A. breath out air on the way to the surface to avoid lung overexpansion and injury
B. hold their breath to conserve oxygen when heading up to the surface
C. continue breathing pressurized air on the way to the surface
A. breath out air on the way to the surface to avoid lung overexpansion and injury
Underwater at a depth of 20 meters, the pressure is:
A. 1 atm (e.g. ~760 mm Hg)
B. 2 atm
C. 3 atm
C. 3 atm
Breath holding limit is determined by…
alveolar PO2
arterial PCO2
both
arterial PCO2
Air use is ____ at depth
increased
decreased HR at depth decreases ____
cardiac output
Does heat increase VO2?
No
____ is time spent diving toward maximum depth.
Descending time
Saturation diving uses low percentage of O2 and combines Helium/N2 so that PO2 at depth remains ____ harmful PO2 (usually 300-450 mm Hg).
below
