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Exercise Phys > (4C, Ch28) Body Composition > Flashcards

(4C, Ch28) Body Composition Flashcards

1
Q

Which gives information about fitness (e.g. aerobic capacity or muscular strength)?

A. Skinfold thicknesses
B. Body segment girths
C. Waist circumference
D. BMI
E. None of ‘em!

A

E. None of ‘em!

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2
Q

The mortality risk curve is ____ than it had been in previous decades

A

flatter

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3
Q

______ is used to estimate body density by water displacement. If mass is known, they can calculate density using relative densities of lean and fat mass

A

densitometry

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4
Q

BMI does not take into account…. (3)

A
  • gender differences
  • characteristics of sub-populations
  • where body fat is located
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5
Q

What is mass divided by volume?

torque
work
power
density

A

density

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6
Q

Which has greater density?

fat-free tissue
fat tissue

A

fat-free tissue

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7
Q

Once body density is known, it can be used to estimate these EXCEPT for…

lean mass
fat mass
bone mass

A

bone mass

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8
Q

DEXA scan is used to measure ….

A

mineral bone density

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9
Q

Body segment girths can be used to estimate body composition by measuring ….

A

body cross area

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10
Q

Fat density vs fat-free mass

A
  • Fat: 0.9 g/cm^3
  • Fat free mass: 1.1 g/cm^3
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11
Q

Human body composition in a 3-component model

A
  • bone
  • non-bone lean mass
  • fat
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12
Q

Using the WHR, the risk level is higher when the ratio is ____

A

higher

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13
Q

Abdominal fat stores carry _____ health risk than lower body fat stores.

A

more

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14
Q

What is the “reference man” BMI

A

23

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15
Q

The “reference man” has about 15% body fat. By today’s standards (compared to the majority of the US population), that’s…

pretty lean
kind of a dad bod
obese
overweight

A

pretty lean

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16
Q

For some athletes in power/strength sports, BMI is not a good indicator of body fatness or health risk, because these athletes have…

A. very high muscle mass to body mass ratio
B. a high percentage of body fat
C. lower body density than lean folks

A

A. very high muscle mass to body mass ratio

17
Q

Human body composition in a 4-component model

A
  • water
  • protein
  • skeleton
  • fat
18
Q

People within which of these ranges of BMI have greater risk of heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes than people with a BMI between 20 and 25?

A. 25-30
B. 30-35
C. 35-40
D.all of the above

A

D.all of the above

19
Q

Fat deposition: Subcutaneous vs visceral

A

visceral is worse

20
Q

Fat deposition: upper vs lower body

A

Risk is higher for fat in upper body

21
Q

What is the “reference woman” BMI

A

21.1

22
Q

BMI equation

A

kg/m^2

23
Q

Human body composition in a 2-component model

A
  • fat-free mass
  • fat
24
Q

Skin fold tests are used to ______

A

estimate body fat and fat storage in region-specific areas

25
Q

Does fat-free mass vary with age, diff in bone mineral, and resistance training?

A

YES

26
Q

Population correlations of body size with health risk _____ necessarily apply at the individual level

A

do not

27
Q

Which of these can give a three-compartment (fat mass, bone mass, non-bone fat-free mass) estimate of body composition?

A. skinfold measurements
B. underwater weighing
C. dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
D. body segment girth measurements
E. bioelectrical impedance measures

A

C. dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

28
Q

Underwater weighing or air displacement in a “Bod Pod” are used to calculate ______ after correction for air in the airway dead space and residual lung volume.

height
body volume
body mass

A

body volume

29
Q

Which gives no information about regions of fat storage?

A. Skinfold thicknesses
B. Body segment girths
C. Waist circumference
D. Waist-to-hip circumference ratio
E. BMI

A

E. BMI

30
Q

There’s a wider range of BMI related to minimal health risk for ____ than for _____ where risk increases at the 30 mark

A

women; men

Exercise Phys (8 decks)

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