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Exercise Phys > (4A, Ch24) Physical Activity and Altitude > Flashcards

(4A, Ch24) Physical Activity and Altitude Flashcards

1
Q

In which range of PO2 is the curve fairly flat (horizontal)?

A. 50-20 mmHg
B. 80-100 mmHg

A

B. 80-100 mmHg

(NOTE: The curve plateaus out in that range; before that point, the values on the curve increase).

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2
Q

Changes in SaO2 are least drastic with changes in altitude around…

A. 1000 meters
B. 3000 meters
C. 7000 meters

A

A. 1000 meters

(NOTE: At this altitude, the decrease in oxygen availability is minimal, and the body can maintain near-normal SaO₂ levels. At higher altitudes, the drop in SaO₂ becomes more pronounced)

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3
Q

Altitude and partial pressure of inspired air (PIO2) AKA PO2

A

As altitude increases, PIO2 decreases

(NOTE: also applies to PaO2).

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4
Q

How does altitude affect VE? PaCO2?

A
  • Stimulates VE, causes PaCO2 to decrease

(NOTE: With greater VE, there’s more CO2 lost in the breath, so PaCO2 goes down).

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5
Q

Oxygen “transport cascade” at sea level and altitude

A

Lower start in PO2 for altitude than at sea level

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6
Q

As altitude increases, the percentage of oxygen in dry air….

A

remains the same

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7
Q

Examples of immediate effects of high elevation on pulmonary and cardiovascular systems (2)

A
  • hyperventilation
  • increased submaximal HR, Q

(NOTE: stroke volume and MAX Q remain the same)

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8
Q

Examples of long term effects of high elevation on pulmonary and cardiovascular systems

A
  • hyperventilation
  • increased submaximal HR, Q
  • Stroke volume and Max Q decrease
  • Increased skeletal muscle
  • Increased mitochondrial density
  • Increased RBC
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9
Q

What is the relationship between VO2 max and altitude?

A

VO2 max decreases as altitude increases

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10
Q

VO2 for an absolute workload (e.g. 100W)…

A. Is lower at high altitude
B. Is higher at high altitude
C. Not different at high altitude

A

C. Not different at high altitude

(NOTE: The oxygen cost of an absolute work rate is the same regardless of altitude).

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11
Q

What is the relationship between excreted catecholamines and altitude in the first few weeks of adaptation?

A

They increase over the first week at altitude

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12
Q

Data suggest that average daily circulating catecholamines are…

A. Higher
B. Lower
At high altitude compared to sea level

A

A. Higher

(NOTE: Norepinephrine is higher than epinephrine).

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13
Q

Data suggest the possibility that physical activity at high altitude (compared to sea level) is ______ often above 50% of VO2max

A. more
B. less

A

more

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14
Q

Cardiac output and altitude

A

increases at higher altitudes rather than at sea level

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15
Q

HR and altitude

A

increases at higher altitudes rather than at sea level

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16
Q

At altitude (compared to sea level), VO2 during submaximal exercise at the same absolute workload is ….

A

the same

17
Q

Qmax, HRmax, and VEmax at high altitudes

A

The same as at rest

18
Q

Describe the lactate paradox

A

lower blood lactates achieved at altitude

(NOTE: May be from lower catecholamines after long-term altitude exposure).

19
Q

Effects of acclimatization (2)

A

Increased hematocrit and blood hemoglobin content

(WHY? the kidney adapts to lower O2 concentrations and releases erythropoietin to produce more RBC).

20
Q

Lving at altitude can provide _____ regarding aerobic capacity.

A. Positive influence
B. Negative effects

A

A. Positive influence

21
Q

Supplemental iron _____ hematocrit response to altitude.

A

improves

22
Q

What is the main reason for a drop in VO2 max at altitude?

A

Oxygen delivery to working muscle

(WHY? There is decreased O2 sat of Hb due to decreased alveolar pO2)

23
Q

All of these athletes are hoping for a PR this weekend, but their meet has been moved from Des Moines (300 m above sea level) to Colorado Springs ( 1,800 m above sea level). Who’s least excited?

A. 5k runner
B. Long jumper
C. 100 m sprinter
D. 400 m runner

A

A. 5k runner

(NOTE: Aerobic events are impaired at higher altitudes, with the longer events taking the biggest hit)

24
Q

Does aerobic training at altitude improve VO2max at sea level?

A

No

25
Q

Workout intensity at higher altitudes compared to sea levels are …

A

lower intensity

26
Q

Hypoxic tents mimic…

A

living at altitude

27
Q

Describe the “live high-train low” approach

A

Living at higher altitudes and training at lower altitudes

28
Q

Who can benefit from training under hypoxic conditions?

A

Those training for anaerobic capacity
ex: power athletes

Exercise Phys (3 decks)

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