4C anotomy, physiology and pathology of the large intestine Flashcards
the fibers of the colon’s external muscular layer are collected into longitudinal bands called ______ ______
teniae coli
what are the outpouches of the colon called
haustra (between the teniae)
are there villi in the large intestines
No
what does the crypts of lieberkuhn consist of
absorptive cells
goblet cells
endocrine cells
regenerative cells
what are the 4 roles of the large intestines
- propulsion and storage of the unabsorbed meterial
- place of residence for flora
- aborption of small amounts of water and electrolytes
- defecation
about how many types bacteria live in the large intestines
500 different species
how many bacteria reside in the colon at birth
Zero (it is sterile)
fermentation of ______ dietary fiber to generate fatty acids, which are a major nutritional source for the colon and have _______ effects to promote normal mucosal growth and development
undigestible, trophic
fermentaion of indigestible sugars lead to ____ ____
gas formation
what are the three roles of intestinal flora
- creation of an environment that is inhospitable to pathogenic microorganisms
- metabolism of various compounds
- creation of vitamin K, B12, and follic acid
what are the four mechanism that lead to diarrhea
- increased osmotic load
- increased secretion
- inflammation
- decreasd absorption time
what causes secretory diarrhea
when the small and large bowel secrete more electrolytes and water then they abbsorb
what causes secretory diarrhea
bacterial toxins, interophathogenic viruses, bile acids, unabosrbed dietary fat
what causes exudative diarrhea
occrus with several mucosal diseases that cause mucosa inflammation, ulcerations, or tumefaction
_____ ______ ______ occurs wen chyme is not in contact with an adequate absorptive surface of the GI tract for a long enough time so that water remains in the feces
Decreased absorption time
