4A anatomy physiology and pathology of the small intestine

Question 1

what constitutes the first 10 to 12 inches of the small intestines

Answer 1

the duodenum

Question 2

the sharp bend of the small intestines is called the ______ ______

Answer 2

duodenojejunal flexure (Junction)

Question 3

how long is the Jejunum

Answer 3

8 ft long

Question 4

how long is the ilium

Answer 4

12 ft

Question 5

what joins the ilium to the large intestines

Answer 5

Iliocecal valve

Question 6

what creates the maximal surface area of the small intestines

Answer 6

plicae curculares, villi, and microvilli

Question 7

what are the three most common examples of carbohydrates

Answer 7

glycogen
starch
cellulose

Question 8

________ ________ degrades polysacherides into disaccharids and oligosaccharides

Answer 8

pancreatic amylase

Question 9

what degrades disaccharides

Answer 9

disaccharidases

Question 10

how is glucose and galactose absorbed into the intestinal cells (enterocytes)

Answer 10

Na+ dependent cotransporter SGLT1

Question 11

how is frucose abosrbed into the intestinal cells (enterocytes)

Answer 11

facilitated diffusion (GLUT5) 
NO Na+ needed

Question 12

all monosaccharids are transported out of the enterocytes and into capillaries by ______

Answer 12

GLUT2

Question 13

what are the three most common disaccharides we digest

Answer 13

sucrose
lactose
maltose

Question 14

cleaving off amino acids from proteins occurs mainly at the brush border with _________ and with the __________ ______ _____

Answer 14

aminopeptidases, active pancreatic enzymes

Question 15

the stomach does a good job ________ proteins, but is not effective at cleaving off individual _______ _______

Answer 15

denaturing, individual amino acids

Question 16

how are amino acids transported (transmembrane) once they are digested

Answer 16

Co-transport mechanism utilized by glucose

some amino acids use the mechanism used by fructose