4b. Rome 1861-70 Flashcards
In what years did Garibaldi try to take Rome
1862/ 1867
Why did the French withdraw their troops in Italy in 1870
Needed troops for Franco-Prussian war
When were the French defeated in the Franco-Prussian war
1st Sept 1870 at Sedan
What was agreed at the September convention 1864
France would pull out of Rome in 2 years/ Italy would not attack Rome and move their capital/ papacy allowed garrison of 10,000 troops
Why were France willing to give Rome back in 1864
Government voted twice in 1861 and both times only won Rome by slim majority/ Napoleon couldn’t afford to antagonize the Italians too much/ afraid Italy would turn to Britain for support in unification which would reduce French influence
Why did Italy want Rome
Spiritual heartbeat/ nationalists would feel betrayed and there was no soul to Italy/ symbol of foreign interference/ new gov wanted papal influence reduced as syllables of errors had damaged the new kingdom
What did PM Riscasoli say regarding Rome and Venetia
“We claim Rome as our national capital and Venetia as an integral part of our national soil”
Why were there riots in Turin
Capital was being moved to Florence/ 23 people killed
When was Florence made the capital of Italy
1865
What was Garabaldis slogan in 1867
“Capture Rome and abolish the pope”
Why did Garabaldi try again for Rome in 1867
Outraged by September convention/ Florence capital not “eternal city”
Why did Garabaldis 1867 revolt fail
Hoped uprisings against pope would start but they didn’t happen/ France sent their troops back to stop Garabaldi
How was Garabaldi more hindering unification
Increased French intervention/ troops would remain until 1870/ frosty relations between France and Piedmont which lasted until end of Napoleonic rule
When did the last of the French troops leave Rome
1866
How many men did Garaldbi take with him to try and take Rome in 1862 and how were they ineffective
4000/ hungry and poor not like college educated 1000
How did the government encourage Garibaldi in 1862
Looked the other way/ well known they had at least tacit approval of Garabaldis approach
Why did the government stop Garabaldi in 1862
Became apparent French were not going to leave and instead fight Garabaldi/ Napoleon told Italian gov he would act to protect the pope if the government didn’t
Why would France stopping Garabaldi in 1862 be humiliating for the government
First admission that Italy couldn’t keep its peace and big brother France had to clean up Italy’s mess again
What did VE do in 1862
Issues proclamation for Italians not to support Garabaldi/ sent 3500 to intercept him
Why was putting down Garabaldi in 1862 embarrassing for the government
Wounded and imprisoned a national hero
Who lead the government and army that took over Rome in 1870
Giovanni Lanza and General Cardona
How many papal and Italian troops died getting Rome
49 Italians and 19 papal
When was the plebecite for Rome
2nd October
What were the results of the plebiscite
130,000 vs 1,000
