2a. Political Developments In Piedmont Flashcards
What did the statuto allow
Freedom of assembly/ freedom of press/ freedom of religion/ all within limits
What shows the statuto was conservative
Austria didn’t feel threatened by it and wanted to keep it/ only 9/84 articles dealt with the rights of the subjects
When was D’Azeglio appointed PM
1849
What type of government did D’Azeglio lead
A moderate conservative administration
What were 2 limitations of VE’s constitutional power
- Only lower house could propose laws that dealt with revenue
- And treaty that gave away land or money needed to be approved by government
What were the different views of Britain and Austria on Victor Emmanuel
Britain saw him as a cautious liberal/ Austria saw him as a conservative
What is the argument that VE lacked significance and it was everyone else that got stuff done
He was a mediocre king who was fortunate enough to have 2 truly gifted early prime ministers and excellent advisors
Who said in regards to VE “fortunately for the future of Italian liberalism, he lacked the self confidence to assert himself and almost invariably deferred to those with a stronger will”
Christopher Duggan
What was the title the “gentleman king”
Nickname purposely advanced by the PE government to enhance his portrait
How did VE have control over his government
Could appoint and dismiss minsters at will/ sole commander of military/ no mechanisms for holding him accountable for anything
What were the left and right defined as in Piedmont
Left- more democratic
Right- more clerical and against liberal reforms such as free trade
Why was legislation so hard to pass before the connubio
No political parties/ most in chamber of deputies were independently minded/ took considerable amount of persuasion to get a majority vote on peace treaty
When was the proclamation of Moncalien
1849
What was the proclamation of Moncalien
King made it clear if electorate didn’t vote for deputies that supported the peace treaty of 1849 he may abolish the constitution/ demonstration of kings power in politics
When was Cavour made minister of trade and agriculture
1850
What position was Massimo D’Azeglio in in 1850
In a weak position and only small parliamentary majority
What caused the split in D’Azeglio’s government
His anti clerical measures and civil marriage
Who lead the right “split” in D’Azeglio’s government
Cesare Balbo
What laws did D’Azeglio try to appease his government with after being split by the sicardi laws
Reduction of press reforms in 1851
Who was elected as president of the chamber in 1852 with Cavours support, despite the kings opposition
Rattazzi
When did D’Azeglio’s ministry fall
When he tried to introduce civil marriage in 1852
Why did VE object to civil marriage
Pressure under the pope
When was the connubio set up
1852
What was the connubio
Cavour making an agreement with the center left/ alliance at center of Italian politics/ resulted in a gov based on survival rather than principle
What was the common ground between the two groups in the connubio
Anti clericalism/ the impact of this was it identified mainstream Italian politics with anti clericalism
Why did Cavour sack the connubio
Create political stability/ the right became sympathetic with the church and increased their vote in elections after anti clerical measures
What did Cavour call the church
“Chief cause of the misfortunes in Italy”/ saw it as a natural supporter of Austria
What action was taken against the church in 1855
Attack church wealth and estates/ abolished monastic orders not involved in education
How many monastries were abolished after 1855 which reduced the church’s influence
152