1848+49 Revolution Causes

Question 1

What were the social-economic reasons for revolution

Answer 1

Chorea 1836 / tobacco riots/ European famine 1846-47/ living conditions/ land enclosure

Question 2

When were the Europe wide bad harvests that caused famine and high food prices

Answer 2

1846 and 1847

Question 3

What was Naples life expectancy in the 1840’s

Answer 3

24

Question 4

How much of Italy’s population was peasantry

Answer 4

90%

Question 5

How did land enclosure anger the peasants in the south

Answer 5

Taken common land from peasants and their response was violence

Question 6

What is one area in the south where there was land enclosure

Answer 6

Calabria

Question 7

What Italian city had bad housing and overcrowding

Answer 7

Milan

Question 8

All of these distinct problems in all of the Italian states…..

Answer 8

Fed the desire for revolt by 1848

Question 9

When was the Sicilian cholera outbreak

Answer 9

1836

Question 10

How many people did cholera kill in Sicily

Answer 10

1/10th of the population or (65,000)

Question 11

What was the belief linking cholera to Ferdinand II

Answer 11

Somehow disease was in someway connected to neopolition mis-rule

Question 12

What were the causes of revolution outbreak in Sicily

Answer 12

Mixture of lack of political debate/ brutal administration and miserable living conditions

Question 13

How much money did the Austrians make off Lombardy and Venetia

Answer 13

1/3 tax revenue

Question 14

Was was the catalyst for revolution breaking out in Lombardy

Answer 14

the boycotts did not precipitate an upbringing itself but it created the conditions for when Metternich resigned as foreign minister in March that revolution was triggered

Question 15

What was the one reason for uprising that nationalists agreed on

Answer 15

Expelling the Austrians

Question 16

What were the areas under direct Austrian rule

Answer 16

Lombardy and Venetia

Question 17

What caused resentment in Lombardy and Venetia against the Austrians

Answer 17

High taxation

Question 18

Which states wanted a constitution

Answer 18

Sicily/ Naples/ Piedmont/ Tuscany and Pope granted constitution

Question 19

What was the demand for wanting a constitution precipitated by

Answer 19

The Statuto 1847/ served as a driving force for other states wanting a constitution

Question 20

What were some Pius IX reforms

Answer 20

Releases political prisoners 1846/ appoints Gizzi as secretary of state / press censorship ended/ consulta 1847

Question 21

How many political prisoners did the Pope release

Answer 21

2,000

Question 22

What did people chant in the streets after Pius release political prisoners

Answer 22

“Oh supreme Pius”

Question 23

How could Pius be seen to extend a hand of reconciliation to the liberals

Answer 23

He released prisoners and granted amnesty for political offenses

Question 24

When was press censorship ended in the Papal States

Answer 24

1847

Question 25

When was the consulta set up in the Papal States

Answer 25

1847

Question 26

What did the Roman consulta do

Answer 26

Advise the papacy on how to run the states- to liberals this was the first step to a parliament they wanted

Question 27

How was press censorship handled in the Papal States under Pius’s reforms

Answer 27

Overtaken by a committee of laymen/ this allowed relatively free press