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Italy 13 > 1b. 1848-49 Revolutions Events > Flashcards

1b. 1848-49 Revolutions Events Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of events of the revolutions (6)

A
  1. Sicily January
  2. Naples January
  3. Tuscany February
  4. Rome February
  5. Lombardy March
  6. Venetia March
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2
Q

What was Revolution caused by in Sicily

A

Ferdinand II repressive rule/ cholera 1836

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3
Q

When was the cholera outbreak in Sicily

A

1836

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4
Q

What constitution did the Sicilians call for

A

1812 constitution

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5
Q

How was the Sicilian revolution put down

A

September- Ferdinand sends 20,000/ parliament surrender after 3 days intense bombardment

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6
Q

When did Ferdinand II abolish the Sicilian government and their army disband

A

March 1849

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7
Q

What gave Ferdinand the nickname King Bomba

A

September 1848- Intense bombardment of Sicilian parliament for 3 days

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8
Q

How did the revolution in Sicily kick off in January

A

Posters put up and clashes with troops/ peasants arrive in city to support/ soon city taken over and restoration of the 1812 constitution

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9
Q

When did revolutionaries establish a provisional gov in Sicily

A

April 1848

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10
Q

What type of people established the Sicilian gov

A

Middle class moderates

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11
Q

Where did revolution break out in Naples

A

Salermo

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12
Q

Who launches the uprising in Naples

A

Secret societies

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13
Q

What constitution was demanded in Naples

A

1820 constitution

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14
Q

Ferdinand yielded to the revolutionaries in Naples. He appointed a more liberal ministry. Who led this ministry

A

Nicola Marsea

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15
Q

What was Ferdinand convinced to do after he conceded to the revolutionaries

A

17,000 troops to Charles Albert/ break diplomatic ties with Austria/ King agrees to 2 chamber parliament/ free press

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16
Q

When did King Ferdinand loose interest in reform in Naples

A

August 1848

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17
Q

Who was the Duke of Tuscany

A

Grand Duke Leopold

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18
Q

What were the events in Tuscany

A

Duke grants conservative constitution/ forced to appoint a more democratic government/ atmosphere becomes more radical/ Duke flees

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19
Q

The atmosphere in Tuscany becomes more radical. What did the people/ government want

A

War with Austria

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20
Q

When and why did Duke Ferdinand come back to Tuscany after running away in 1848

A

April 1849- depart of Piedmont/ moderates regain upper hand in Tuscany/ Duke returns

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21
Q

What happened during the 5 glorious days in Lombardy March 1848

A

10,000 present petition for liberal reforms to Austria governor in Milan

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22
Q

What 2 states asked Piedmont for help

A

Lombardy and Venetia

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23
Q

How many soldiers did Ferdinand send to Charles Albert

A

17,000

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24
Q

What are the events of Lombardy

A

Five glorious days (petition)/ barricades go up between Austrians and anti-Austrians/ asks Piedmont for alliance against Austrian backlash

25
What did the radicals vs the moderates want in Lombardy
Moderates- union with Piedmont | Radicals- federation of Italian states
26
When is Piedmont expelled from Lombardy
August 1848
27
When was the Venetian republic declared
March 1848
28
Who lead the Venetian republic
Daniel Manin
29
Why did Venetia get taken back over by the Austrians in 1849
Venetia became isolated after Piedmont retreat. Republic forced to surrender due to hunger and outbreak of cholera
30
What was the tabacoo boycott in Lombardy
Citizens stops being tabacoo because of Austria’s monopoly and exploitation over it. This soon turns to a riot where people attack Austrians
31
How was Lombardy able to make a provisional government
Radetzky pulls back out of Lombardy to the quadrilateral
32
When was Venetia put back under Austrian control
August 1849
33
When was the Roman Republic established
February 1849
34
When did the Pope issue his allocation of the war with Austria
April 1848
35
Who does the Pope appoint as his prime minister in September 1848 who was killed in November
Count Rossi
36
After the Pope flees when Rossi is killed, a provisional government is set up. Who was this under
Giuseppe Galletti
37
What were some reforms under the Roman republic 1849 when Mazzini arrives
Clears slums/ reforms laws/ ends church control of press and education
38
When did the Pope ask foreigners for support in getting back Rome
April 1849
39
How many troops did Napoleon send to Rome
20,000
40
How long did the French siege of Rome last
2 months
41
What date did French troops enter Rome
July 3rd
42
How many followers escaped from Rome with Garibaldi
400 followers
43
Why did Charles Albert declare war on Austria
If he did not intervene revolution may spread to Piedmont/ Lombardy was ripe for annexation/ Metternich resigns and Austria is weak/ thought Austria wouldn’t fight for it
44
When did Metternich resigne
March 1848
45
What date did Piedmont declare war on Austria
March 22nd
46
Who were the 2 generals who came to help Charles Albert from Naples and the Papal States
Naples- General Guglielmo Pepe [17,000] | Papal States- General Giacono Durango [against orders]
47
When was Piedmont defeated at Custozza
July 1848
48
When was Piedmont defeated at Novora
March 1849
49
Charles Albert tried again at Novora after being defeated at Custozza 1848. Why was this
His generals persuaded him/ hoped it would silence the republicans back home
50
Why was Piedmont’s defeat at Novora in March 1849 significant
Marked the end of Piedmontese ambition/ crushing blow for the nationalists
51
When was peace signed between Austria and Piedmont
July 1849
52
How much was Piedmont forced to pay in war reperations to Austria
65million francs
53
What does “fare da se” mean
Do it alone
54
Why was Piedmont’s defeat in the War of independence significant for lessons
CA had famously claimed Italy could do it alone/ military defeat in 1848+49 proved him wrong/ needed foreigners to defeat Austrians militarily
55
Where did revolution start in Naples
Salerno that’s was racked with famine
56
Why didn’t revolution break out in Naples city
People there were loyal to the king
57
What had CA famously claimed
“Fare de sa” - would go it alone/ meaning Italy did not need foreign help
58
What did the first Italian war of independence/ revolution show to Italy
It needed foreign input to defeat the Austrians

Italy 13 (10 decks)

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