44: Respiratory Failure and ABG - Kanis Flashcards
terminal respiratory unit =
acinus
respiratory failure (clinical and word definition)
when the respiratory system can no longer function ot keep gas exchange at an acceptable level
paO2 less than 55 mm/hg while on room air
pCO2 greater than 50 mmHg
decision #1
does the patient need an airway
look at level of consciousness, strength of cough, patent airway
more important that underlying cause
type I respiratory failure =
oxygenation failure
due to airway or alveolar disease
type II respiratory failure =
ventilatroy failure
due to inadequate gas exchange from decreased ventilatory drive
high pCO2 with low pH
acute ventilatory failure
high pCO2 with normal ph
chronic ventilatory failure
respiratory muscle fatigue –>
leads to ventilatory failure
low pO2 with normal or low pCO2
oxygenation failure
usually with pO2 less than 55 with FiO2 greater than 0.6
pH 7.4
pCO2 38
PO2 49 (low)
hypoxemic failure
not getting enough oxygen
ph 7.3 pCO2 55 (high) pO2 50 (low)
hypoxemic and hypercapneic failure
not ventilating well
ph 7.25 (low)
pCO2 60 (high)
pO2 75
primary hypercapneic failure
not blowing off CO2
**chronic respiratory acidosis =
pH normal
PCO2 high
PO2 low
bicarb high
what type of respiratory failure: perfusion of alveoli that are not ventilated producing a shunt
type I failure of oxygenation
major risk factors for PE
SHIT
surgery
history of DVT
immobility
tumor
