4.4 learning theories

Question 1

associationist

Answer 1

a group of theories related to connecting stimulus and response S-R theories

Question 2

reinforcement

Answer 2

the process that increases the probability of a behaviour recurring strengthens the S-R bond

Question 3

positive reinforcement

Answer 3

stimulus is given when a desired response occurs

Question 4

negative reinforcement

Answer 4

the stimulus is withdrawn when a desired response occurs

Question 5

punishment

Answer 5

stimulus to prevent a response occurring

Question 6

operant conditioning

Answer 6

skinner - 1964
-box with a rat if it hit a button it got food
-uses rewards to repeat behaviour strengthen the s-r bonds

Question 7

Thorndike’s law

Answer 7

matching a response to a stimulus

Question 8

law of exercise

Answer 8

repeating or rehearsing the the s-r connections strengthens them

Question 9

law of effects

Answer 9

if the response is followed by a satisfier then the S-R bond is strengthened if its followed by an annoyer then the S-R bond is weakened

Question 10

law of readiness

Answer 10

the performer must be physically and mentally able to complete the task effectively
they may get worse and be demotivated

Question 11

hulls drive theory

Answer 11

a performer must be motivated to do well

Question 12

inhibition

Answer 12

when you stop improving of get worse

Question 13

cognitive theories of learning

Answer 13

go beyond the S-R bonds theories

Question 14

S-R bond stands for

Answer 14

stimulus-response bond

Question 15

cognitive theories of learning

Answer 15

focus on how individuals acquire knowledge and skills through mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving, rather than just through external stimuli and responses

Question 16

observational/social learning theories

Answer 16

learning from significant others more likely to listen to those we trust or admire
can also because we want to be part of a group so we copy them