1.1 skeletal and muscular systems ✔️

Question 1

what are the three planes of movement

Answer 1

frontal - back front
sagittal - left right
transverse - top bottom

Question 2

what movement is decreasing the joint angle

Answer 2

flexion

Question 3

what movement is decreasing the joint angle

Answer 3

flexion

Question 4

what movement is increasing ancle angle

Answer 4

plantar flexion - plant toes

Question 5

what movement is decreasing the ancle angle

Answer 5

dorsi flexion

Question 6

what movement moves the limb closer to the midline

Answer 6

adduction

Question 7

what movement moves the limbs out from the midline

Answer 7

abduction

Question 8

what movement is horizontally increasing joint angle

Answer 8

horizontal extension

Question 9

what movement is horizontally decreasing the joint angle

Answer 9

horizontal flexion

Question 10

name a ball and socket joint

Answer 10

shoulder, hip

Question 11

name a hinge joint

Answer 11

elbow knee ankle

Question 12

name a condyloid joint

Answer 12

wrist

Question 13

what muscle is the chest

Answer 13

pectoralis major

Question 14

what are the two stomach muscles

Answer 14

rectus abdominals
external obliques

Question 15

what muscle is the front of the calf

Answer 15

tibialis anterior

Question 16

what muscles are at the back of the calf

Answer 16

gastrocnemius
soleus

Question 17

what muscle is the hamstring

Answer 17

bicep femoris

Question 18

what muscles are the quads

Answer 18

rectus femoris- actual quad
adductor longus - inside (side of quad)

Question 19

bum muscles

Answer 19

glutes maximus - bum
glutes medias - above bum

Question 20

side of back muscles

Answer 20

latissimus dorsi

Question 21

back of neck muscle

Answer 21

trapezius

Question 22

top right left back muscle

Answer 22

teres major - teres minor (bigger) - make up the whole area)

Question 23

sholder muscles

Answer 23

anterior posterior medial
deltoids

Question 24

arms muscles

Answer 24

triceps brachi
bicep brachi

Question 25

what is the agonist

Answer 25

muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint

Question 26

what is an antagonist

Answer 26

muscle that opposes the agonist providing resistance for coordiantion

Question 27

what muscles stabilises a part of the body while another moves

Answer 27

fixator

Question 28

what is eccentric contractions

Answer 28

a contraction when the muscle lengthens providing stability and producing tension (like the downward phase of a bicep curl)

Question 29

what is a concentric contraction

Answer 29

muscle contraction which shortens to produce tension (upward phase of a bicep curl)

Question 30

isotonic contraction

Answer 30

can be concentric and eccentric muscle change length during contraction

Question 31

isometric contraction

Answer 31

muscular contraction that stays the same length when producing tension (like holding a plank holding anything still)

Question 32

M,A,N,S,A,Y,S,All

Answer 32

allows skeletal muscle contractions

Question 33

first A

Answer 33

action potential - positive charge in the nerves and muscles cells

Question 34

M

Answer 34

motor neuron

Question 35

N

Answer 35

neuromuscular junction - includes the axon the synaptic cleft and motor end plate (muscle fibers aswell)

Question 36

first s

Answer 36

synaptic cleff

Question 37

second A

Answer 37

Acetyl choline (neurotransmitter)

Question 38

Y

Answer 38

why -

Question 39

S

Answer 39

signal can pass into the muscles

Question 40

All

Answer 40

all or none law - all muscle fibres contract or don't

Question 41

synaptic cleff

Answer 41

the gap between the axons motor end plate and muscle fibres

Question 41

motor unit

Answer 41

a motor neuron and the muscle fibres stimulated by its axon

Question 42

motor end plate

Answer 42

located opposite from the axon recieves the signal from the neurotransmitter

Question 43

what type are slow oxidative fibres

Answer 43

type 1

Question 44

what type are fast glycolytic

Answer 44

type 2b

Question 45

what type are fast oxidative glycolytic

Answer 45

type 1b

Question 46

what is myoglobin

Answer 46

an oxygen storage protein in the muscles

Question 47

define slow oxidative

Answer 47

an anerobic muscle fibre with lots of mitochondria myoglobin and capillaries producing a small amount of energy over a long period of time

Question 48

define fast glycolytic

Answer 48

an anerobic muscle fibre rich in phosphocreatine which produces a maximal force over a short period of time

Question 49

what is aerobic work

Answer 49

low intensity long duration exercise in the presence of oxygen

Question 50

what is anaerobic work

Answer 50

high intensity work short duration exercise in absence of oxygen

Question 51

define phosphocreatine

Answer 51

high energy compound stored in the muscle cells used as fuel for high intensity energy production

Question 52

name a sport that would use fast oxidative glycolitic

Answer 52

200m freestyle

Question 53

name a sport that would use fast glycolitic

Answer 53

explosive athletes 100m sprinter

Question 54

what sport would use mostly slow oxidative

Answer 54

marathon runner

Question 55

what is rotation

Answer 55

where the limb moves in a circular movement around a fixed joint towards or away from the midline of the body