(422 E2) health policy Flashcards
policy
a settled course of action to be followed by a government, business, or institution to obtain a desired effect
-Can be a law, regulation, or voluntary practice
-Social, health, public health, and nursing policies
public policy
All government activities that influence the lives of all citizens
health policy
A set course of action to obtain a desired health outcome for an individual, family, group, community, or society
law
Rules that govern the relationships of individuals and organizations to other individuals and to government. They result from a combination of legislation, judicial or constitutional decisions, and administrative actions
ex: Blood alcohol limits, seatbelt and car seat requirements, smoking bans
relationship between laws and policies
laws can be a policy, but not all policies are laws
politics
The art of influencing others to accept a specific course of action
-Plays a role in the development of policies
-Politics is found in families, professional and employing agencies, and governments
-Political activities are used to arrive at a course of action (the policy)
our goals with policy development are
-Prioritize and address health needs
-Plan & develop policies to address the priority health needs
-Advocate for resources to address needs
components of policy development
-communicate
-strengthen, support & mobilize
-create, champion & implement
-utilize
communicate
Communicate effectively to inform and educate people about health, factors that influence it, and how to improve it
strengthen, support & mobilize
Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships to improve health
create, champion & implement
Create, champion, and implement policies, plans, and laws that impact health
utilize
Utilize legal and regulatory actions designed to improve and protect the public’s health
two major parts of the health system
private and public (focuses on population)
private health system components
profit
nonprofit
public health components
federal programs
state programs
local programs
public health system overview
-Authority vested in states
-Policies influenced by social and political theory
-Economics is one factor in decision making
-Decisions are slow and deliberate
-Needs determined by voting shifts, electoral re-alignment and term limits
private health system overview
-Outside of government control
-Policies influenced by business management
-Economics is central factor in decision making
-Decisions are swift and proactive
-Needs determined by consumerism and market trends
what are the branches of government
executive branch
legislative branch
judicial branch
executive branch levels
Federal level: The President
State level: Governor
Local level: Mayor
legislative branch levels
Federal level: Congress (House of Reps., Senate)
State level: Legislature (House of Reps., Senate)
Local level: Councilmembers and county commissioners
judicial branch levels
Federal, state, local courts
legislative branch overview
-makes laws
-approves presidential appointments
-two senators from each state
-the number of congressmen is based on population
executive branch overview
-signs laws
-vetoes laws
-pardons people
-appoints federal judges
-elected every 4 years
judicial branch overview
-decides if laws are constitutional
-are appointed by the president
-there are 9 justices
-can overturn rulings by other judges
the executive branch’s role in the government in health policy
Suggests, administers, and regulates policy
legislative branch’s role in the government in health policy
Identifies problems; proposes, debates, passes, and modifies laws to address those problems
judicial branch’s role in the government in health policy
Interprets laws and their meaning
the Public Health Act
-Consolidated all existing public health legislation
-Health services for migratory workers
-Family planning services
-Health research facilities
-National Institutes of Health
-Nurse training acts
-Prevention and primary care services
-Rural health
what can nurses do for health policies
-vote
-join your professional organization
-lobby
-speak to legislators
-run for office
advocacy
-The act or process of supporting a cause or proposal.
-Garner attention and focus on a particular topic for a given community
lobbying
-To promote or secure the passage of (legislation) by influencing public officials.
-Targeted effort aimed at those in positions of power such as legislators or public officials to influence public policy or develop legislation
relationship between lobbying and advocacy
all lobbying is advocacy, however, not all advocacy is lobbying
add in key federal health regulation slide
the timeline w/ acts
