4.15 Haloalkanes

Question 1

Nucleophiles

Answer 1

A species that donates a lone pair of electrons.

Question 2

Hydrolysis

Answer 2

a chemical reaction involving water in an aqueous solution of a hydroxide that causes the breaking of a bond in a molecule.

Question 3

Boiling point compared to alkanes

Answer 3

They have a permanent dipole: dipole interactions so they have higher boiling points than similar alkanes which are only held together by London forces.

Question 4

Immiscible

Answer 4

Does not mix - Haloalkanes are immiscible with water - cannot form hydrogen bonds with haloalkanes.

Question 5

Reactivity of Haloalkanes

Answer 5

C - I bond is weakest, C - F is strongest. If the carbon-halogen does not break then H2O cannot react with the haloalkane.

Question 6

Environmental Concerns

Answer 6

CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) leak out of disposed and over 10 years they made their way into the atmosphere and destroy the ozone layer.