4.1 Intro to Water Cycles

Question 1

Irrigation

Answer 1

the supply of water to land or crops to help growth

Question 2

Precipitation

Answer 2

the process of different forms of water falling to the ground

Question 3

Streamflow

Answer 3

the flow of water in a stream or river

Question 4

Surface Runoff

Answer 4

the flow of water across the surface of an area of land

Question 5

Snow Melt

Answer 5

water that comes from melting snow

Question 6

Interception

Answer 6

the processes that prevent rainfall from immediately reaching the soil

Question 7

Infiltration

Answer 7

the process of surface water being absorbed into the ground (soil)

Question 8

Percolation

Answer 8

the movement of water through the soil and ground

Question 9

Groundwater Discharge

Answer 9

the movement of groundwater from the subsurface to the surface

Question 10

Evaporation

Answer 10

when water turns into steam and flows through the atmosphere

Question 11

Respiration

Answer 11

water vapor released from breathing animals

Question 12

Perspiration

Answer 12

the process of excreting water from one’s skin

Question 13

Transpiration

Answer 13

when plants release water vapor into the air

Question 14

Evapotranspiration

Answer 14

combination of evaporation and transpiration

Question 15

Condensation

Answer 15

when water vapor condenses into clouds

Question 16

Groundwater

Answer 16

water held underground in the soil and in crevices and pores between rocks

Question 17

Aquifer

Answer 17

a body of permeable rock that is holding groundwater

Question 18

Water Table

Answer 18

the top layer of groundwater

Question 19

Spring

Answer 19

a natural point at which groundwater exits to the surface

Question 20

Surface Water

Answer 20

water that collects on the surface of the ground

Question 21

Impervious Cover

Answer 21

any type of human-made surface that doesn’t absorb rainfall

Question 22

Convection

Answer 22

the flow of heat through a gas or liquid

Question 23

Low-Pressure Regions

Answer 23

rising air allows for condensation to occur which means more rainfall

Question 24

High-Pressure Regions

Answer 24

sinking air doesn’t allow for condensation and rainfall

Question 25

Gyres

Answer 25

a large system of circulating ocean current

Question 26

Global Conveyor Belt

Answer 26

a constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity

Question 27

Transfer

Answer 27

occurs when energy or matter flows and changes location but does not change state Ex.
- Runoff
- Infiltration
- Percolation
- Plant uptake
- Groundwater flow

Question 28

Transformation

Answer 28

occurs when energy and matter change their state (chemical change) Ex.
- Evaporation
- Precipitation
- Snowmelt
- Transpiration
- Condensation
- Sublimation