401-500 Flashcards
finding
Noun
1
the action of finding someone or something.
a local doctor reported the finding of numerous dead rats
2
a conclusion reached as a result of an inquiry, investigation, or trial.
experimental findings
fine
Adjective
1
of high quality.
this was a fine piece of filmmaking
finish
Verb
1
bring (a task or activity) to an end; complete.
they were straining to finish the job
2
complete the manufacture or decoration of (a material, object, or place) by giving it an attractive surface appearance.
the interior was finished with V-jointed American oak
Noun
1
an end or final part or stage of something.
a bowl of raspberries was the perfect finish to the meal
firm
Adjective
1
having a solid, almost unyielding surface or structure.
the bed should be reasonably firm, but not too hard
Verb
1
make (something) physically solid or resilient.
an exercise program designed to firm up muscle tone
Adverb
1
in a resolute and determined manner.
Noun
1
a business concern, especially one involving a partnership of two or more people.
a law firm
fish
Noun
1
a limbless cold-blooded vertebrate animal with gills and fins and living wholly in water.
the sea is thick with fish
2
a flat plate of metal, wood, or another material that is fixed on a beam or across a joint in order to give additional strength, especially on a ship’s damaged mast or spar as a temporary repair.
Verb
1
catch or try to catch fish, typically by using a net or hook and line.
he was fishing for bluefish
2
mend or strengthen (a beam, joint, mast, etc.) with a fish.
fit
Adjective
1
of a suitable quality, standard, or type to meet the required purpose.
the meat is fit for human consumption
Verb
1
be of the right shape and size for.
those jeans still fit me
Noun
1
the particular way in which something, especially a garment or component, fits around or into something.
the dress was a perfect fit
fitness
Noun
1
the condition of being physically fit and healthy.
disease and lack of fitness are closely related
fix
Verb
1
fasten (something) securely in a particular place or position.
fix the clamp on a rail
2
decide or settle on (a specific price, date, course of action, etc.).
no date has yet been fixed for a hearing
3
mend or repair.
you should fix that shelf
4
make arrangements for (something); organize.
I’ve fixed it for you to see him on Thursday
5
make (a dye, photographic image, or drawing) permanent.
he perfected a process of fixing a photographic likeness on a silver plate
Noun
3
a measure taken to resolve a problem or correct a mistake; a solution or remedy.
the company is working on a fix but suggests users consider technical workarounds in the meantime
fixed
Adjective
1
fastened securely in position.
a fixed iron ladder down the port side
2
(especially of a price, rate, or time) predetermined and not subject to or able to be changed.
most trusts locked investors in for a fixed period
flame
Noun
1
a hot glowing body of ignited gas that is generated by something on fire.
a sheet of flame blocked my escape
Verb
1
burn and give off flames.
a great fire flamed in an open fireplace
flash
Verb
1
(of a light or something that reflects light) shine in a bright but brief, sudden, or intermittent way.
the lights started flashing
Noun
1
a sudden brief burst of bright light or a sudden glint from a reflective surface.
a lightning flash
flat
Adjective
1
smooth and even; without marked lumps or indentations.
trim the surface of the cake to make it completely flat
Adverb
1
in or to a horizontal position.
he was lying flat on his back
Noun
1
the flat part of something.
she placed the flat of her hand over her glass
flexible
Adjective
1
capable of bending easily without breaking.
flexible rubber seals
float
Verb
1
rest or move on or near the surface of a liquid without sinking.
she relaxed, floating gently in the water
2
move or hover slowly and lightly in a liquid or the air; drift.
clouds floated across a brilliant blue sky
flood
Noun
1
an overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines, especially over what is normally dry land.
a flood barrier
Verb
1
cover or submerge (a place or area) with water.
the dam burst, flooding a small town
flour
آرد
flour
آرد
flow
Verb
1
(of a fluid, gas, or electricity) move along or out steadily and continuously in a current or stream.
from here the river flows north
2
go from one place to another in a steady stream, typically in large numbers.
the firm is hoping the orders will keep flowing in
Noun
1
the action or fact of moving along in a steady, continuous stream.
the flow of water into the pond
flu
Noun
1
short for influenza.
I had a bad case of the flu
fold
Verb
1
bend (something flexible and relatively flat) over on itself so that one part of it covers another.
she folded all her clothes and packed all her bags
Noun
1
a form or shape produced by the gentle draping of a loose, full garment or piece of cloth.
the fabric fell in soft folds
Suffix
1
in an amount multiplied by.
threefold
fold
Verb
1
bend (something flexible and relatively flat) over on itself so that one part of it covers another.
she folded all her clothes and packed all her bags
Noun
1
a form or shape produced by the gentle draping of a loose, full garment or piece of cloth.
the fabric fell in soft folds
Suffix
1
in an amount multiplied by.
threefold
folding
Adjective
1
(of a piece of furniture or equipment) able to be bent or rearranged into a flatter or more compact shape, typically in order to make it easier to store or carry.
a folding chair
folk
Noun
1
INFORMAL
people in general.
some folk will do anything for money
2
folk music.
a mixture of folk and reggae
Adjective
1
relating to the traditional art or culture of a community or nation.
a revival of interest in folk customs
2
relating to folk music.
a folk club
forgive
Verb
1
stop feeling angry or resentful toward (someone) for an offense, flaw, or mistake.
I don’t think I’ll ever forgive David for the way he treated her
fortune
Noun
1
chance or luck as an external, arbitrary force affecting human affairs.
some malicious act of fortune keeps them separate
2
a large amount of money or assets.
he eventually inherited a substantial fortune
forward
Adverb
1
in the direction that one is facing or traveling; toward the front.
he started up the engine and the car moved forward
Adjective
1
directed or facing toward the front or the direction that one is facing or traveling.
forward flight
Verb
1
send (a letter or email) on to a further destination.
my emails were forwarded to a friend
found
verb
2
establish or originate (an institution or organization), especially by providing an endowment.
the monastery was founded in 1665
3
construct or base (a principle or other abstract thing) according to a particular principle or grounds.
a society founded on the highest principles of religion and education
frame
Noun
1
a rigid structure that surrounds or encloses something such as a door or window.
2
a person’s body with reference to its size or build.
a shiver shook her slim frame
3
a basic structure that underlies or supports a system, concept, or text.
the establishment of conditions provides a frame for interpretation
Verb
1
place (a picture or photograph) in a frame.
he had the photo framed
2
create or formulate (a concept, plan, or system).
the staff have proved invaluable in framing the proposals
frame
Noun
1
a rigid structure that surrounds or encloses something such as a door or window.
2
a person’s body with reference to its size or build.
a shiver shook her slim frame
3
a basic structure that underlies or supports a system, concept, or text.
the establishment of conditions provides a frame for interpretation
Verb
1
place (a picture or photograph) in a frame.
he had the photo framed
2
create or formulate (a concept, plan, or system).
the staff have proved invaluable in framing the proposals
freedom
Noun
1
the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.
we do have some freedom of choice
friendship
Noun
1
the emotions or conduct of friends; the state of being friends.
old ties of love and friendship
frighten
Verb
1
make (someone) afraid or anxious.
the savagery of his thoughts frightened him
frightened
Adjective
1
afraid or anxious.
a frightened child
frightening
Adjective
1
making someone afraid or anxious; terrifying.
a frightening experience
front
Verb
1
(of a building or piece of land) have the front facing or directed toward.
the houses that front Beacon Street
Noun
1
the side or part of an object that presents itself to view or that is normally seen or used first; the most forward part of something.
a page at the front of the book had been torn out
Adjective
1
of or at the front.
the front cover of the magazine
Exclamation
1
used to summon someone to the front or to command them to assume a forward-facing position, as in calling a bellhop to the front desk or giving orders to troops on parade.
scouts, front and center !
fuel
Noun
1
material such as coal, gas, or oil that is burned to produce heat or power.
one aircraft ran out of fuel and had to ditch
Verb
1
supply or power (an industrial plant, vehicle, or machine) with fuel.
the plan includes a hydroelectric plant to fuel a paper factory
2
cause (a fire) to burn more intensely.
gasoline may have been used to fuel the fire
fundamental
Adjective
1
forming a necessary base or core; of central importance.
the protection of fundamental human rights
Noun
1
a central or primary rule or principle on which something is based.
two courses cover the fundamentals of microbiology
funding
Noun
1
money provided, especially by an organization or government, for a particular purpose.
funding for the project was provided by the Housing Corporation
further
Adverb
1
at, to, or by a greater distance (used to indicate the extent to which one thing or person is or becomes distant from another).
for some time I had wanted to move further from London
Adjective
1
more distant in space than something else of the same kind.
two men were standing at the further end of the clearing
Verb
1
help the progress or development of (something); promote.
he had depended on using them to further his own career
furthermore
Adverb
1
in addition; besides (used to introduce a fresh consideration in an argument).
this species has a quiet charm and, furthermore, is an easy garden plant
gain
Verb
1
obtain or secure (something desired, favorable, or profitable).
the process has gained the confidence of the industry
2
increase the amount or rate of (something, typically weight or speed).
I have gained weight over the years
Noun
1
an increase in wealth or resources.
the mayor was accused of using municipal funds for personal gain
gang
Noun
1
an organized group of criminals.
a gang of bank robbers
2
a set of switches, sockets, or other electrical or mechanical devices grouped together.
the machine had a gang of cutter chains on a swiveling head
Verb
1
(of a number of people) form a group or gang.
the smaller supermarket chains are ganging together to beat the big boys
2
arrange (electrical devices or machines) together to work in coordination.
adjacent faders can be ganged for common manipulation
gather
Verb
1
come together; assemble or accumulate.
a crowd gathered in the square
2
bring together and take in from scattered places or sources.
we have gathered the information
3
develop a higher degree of.
the green movement is gathering pace
4
infer; understand.
her clients were, I gathered, a prosperous group
5
summon up (a mental or physical attribute such as one’s thoughts or strength) for a purpose.
he lay gathering his thoughts together
6
draw and hold together (fabric or a part of a garment) by running thread through it.
the front is gathered at the waist
generally
Adverb
1
in most cases; usually.
the term of a lease is generally 99 years
2
in general terms; without regard to particulars or exceptions.
a decade when France was moving generally to the left
3
widely.
the best scheme is generally reckoned to be the Canadian one
generate
Verb
1
cause (something, especially an emotion or situation) to arise or come about.
changes that are likely to generate controversy
generous
Adjective
1
(of a person) showing a readiness to give more of something, as money or time, than is strictly necessary or expected.
she was generous with her money
gentle
Adjective
1
having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character.
he was a gentle, sensitive man
gentleman
Noun
1
a chivalrous, courteous, or honorable man.
he behaved like a perfect gentleman
2
a polite or formal way of referring to a man.
opposite her an old gentleman sat reading
giant
Noun
1
an imaginary or mythical being of human form but superhuman size.
Adjective
1
of very great size or force; gigantic.
giant multinational corporations
glad
Adjective
1
pleased; delighted.
I’m really glad to hear that
Verb
LITERARY
1
make happy; please.
Albion’s lessening shore could grieve or glad mine eye
glove
Noun
1
a covering for the hand worn for protection against cold or dirt and typically having separate parts for each finger and the thumb.
rubber gloves
goods
Noun
1
merchandise or possessions.
imports of luxury goods
govern
Verb
1
conduct the policy, actions, and affairs of (a state, organization, or people).
he was incapable of governing the country
governor
Noun
1
the elected executive head of a state of the US.
2
a device automatically regulating the supply of fuel, steam, or water to a machine, ensuring uniform motion or limiting speed.
grab
Verb
1
grasp or seize suddenly and roughly.
she grabbed him by the shirt collar
Noun
1
a quick sudden clutch or attempt to seize.
he made a grab at the pistol
grade
Noun
1
a particular level of rank, quality, proficiency, intensity, or value.
sea salt is usually available in coarse or fine grades
2
a variety of cattle produced by crossing with a superior breed.
grade stock
Verb
1
arrange in or allocate to grades; class or sort.
they are graded according to thickness
2
pass gradually from one level, especially a shade of color, into another.
the sky graded from blue to white on the horizon
grand
Adjective
1
magnificent and imposing in appearance, size, or style.
a grand country house
2
denoting the largest or most important item of its kind.
the grand entrance
grant
Verb
1
agree to give or allow (something requested) to.
a letter granting them permission to smoke
2
agree or admit to (someone) that (something) is true.
he hasn’t made much progress, I’ll grant you that
Noun
1
a sum of money given by a government or other organization for a particular purpose.
a research grant
grateful
Adjective
1
feeling or showing an appreciation of kindness; thankful.
I’m very grateful to you for all your help
greet
Verb
1
give a polite word or sign of welcome or recognition to (someone) on meeting.
some of the customers greeted the barman in Gaelic
grocery
Noun
1
a grocer’s store or business.
guarantee
Noun
1
a formal promise or assurance (typically in writing) that certain conditions will be fulfilled, especially that a product will be repaired or replaced if not of a specified quality and durability.
we offer a 10-year guarantee against rusting
Verb
1
provide a formal assurance or promise, especially that certain conditions shall be fulfilled relating to a product, service, or transaction.
the con artist guarantees that the dirt pile will yield at least 20 ounces of gold
guard
Verb
1
watch over in order to protect or control.
the gates were guarded by uniformed soldiers
2
protect against damage or harm.
the company fiercely guarded its independence
Noun
1
a person who keeps watch, especially a soldier or other person formally assigned to protect a person or to control access to a place.
a security guard
hall
Noun
1
a large room for meetings, concerts, or other events.
Carnegie Hall
hand
Noun
1
the end part of a person’s arm beyond the wrist, including the palm, fingers, and thumb.
he was leading her by the hand
2
a pointer on a clock or watch indicating the passing of units of time.
the second hand
3
used in reference to the power to direct something.
the day-to-day running of the house was in her hands
4
a person’s workmanship, especially in artistic work.
this should be a clue in attributing other work to his hand
5
a person who engages in manual labor, especially in a factory, on a farm, or on board a ship.
a factory hand
Verb
1
pick (something) up and give it to (someone).
he handed each man a glass
2
hold the hand of (someone) in order to help them move in the specified direction.
he handed him into a carriage
handle
Verb
1
feel or manipulate with the hands.
heavy paving slabs can be difficult to handle
2
manage (a situation or problem).
a lawyer’s ability to handle a case properly
Noun
1
the part by which a thing is held, carried, or controlled.
the pan features helpful lifting handles
hang
Verb
1
suspend or be suspended from above with the lower part dangling free.
that’s where people are supposed to hang their wash
2
kill (someone) by tying a rope attached from above around the neck and removing the support from beneath (used as a form of capital punishment).
he was hanged for murder
3
remain static in the air.
a haze of smoke hung below the ceiling
Noun
1
a downward droop or bend.
the bullish hang of his head
headline
1
a heading at the top of an article or page in a newspaper or magazine.
a front-page headline
Verb
1
provide with a headline.
a feature that was headlined “Invest in Your Future.”
2
appear as the star performer at (a concert).
an acoustic jam headlined by rappers LL Cool J and De La Soul
heavily
Adverb
1
to a great degree; in large amounts.
it was raining heavily
2
with a lot of force or effort; with weight.
she fell heavily to the ground
heel
Noun
1
the back part of the human foot below the ankle.
2
the part of the palm of the hand next to the wrist.
he rubbed the heel of his hand against the window
Verb
1
fit or renew a heel on (a shoe or boot).
they were soling and heeling heavy working boots
hesitate
Verb
1
pause before saying or doing something, especially through uncertainty.
she hesitated, unsure of what to say
highlight
Noun
1
an outstanding part of an event or period of time.
he views that season as the highlight of his career
Verb
1
pick out and emphasize.
the issues highlighted by the report
highly
Adverb
1
to a high degree or level.
a highly dangerous substance
hire
Verb
1
employ (someone) for wages.
management hired and fired labor in line with demand
Noun
1
the action of hiring someone or something.
car hire is recommended
historic
Adjective
1
famous or important in history, or potentially so.
we are standing on a historic site
historical
Adjective
1
of or concerning history; concerning past events.
the historical background to such studies
hit
Verb
1
bring one’s hand or a tool or weapon into contact with (someone or something) quickly and forcefully.
the woman hit the mugger with her umbrella
2
(of a missile or a person aiming one) strike (a target).
the sniper fired and hit a third man
Noun
1
an instance of striking or being struck.
few structures can withstand a hit from a speeding car
hold
Verb
1
grasp, carry, or support with one’s hands.
she was holding a brown leather suitcase
2
keep or detain (someone).
the police were holding him on a murder charge
3
remain secure, intact, or in position without breaking or giving way.
the boat’s anchor would not hold
4
contain or be capable of containing (a specified amount).
the tank held twenty-four gallons
5
have in one’s possession.
the managing director still holds fifty shares in the company
6
keep or reserve for someone.
a reservation can be held for twenty-four hours
7
prevent from going ahead or occurring.
hold your fire!
8
arrange and take part in (a meeting or conversation).
a meeting was held at the church
Noun
1
an act or manner of grasping something; a grip.
he caught hold of her arm
2
power or control.
he discovered that Tom had some kind of hold over his father
hollow
Adjective
1
having a hole or empty space inside.
each fiber has a hollow core
2
without significance.
the result was a hollow victory
Noun
1
a hole or depression in something.
a hollow at the base of a large tree
Verb
1
form by making a hole.
a tunnel was hollowed out in a mountain range
honor
Noun
1
high respect; great esteem.
his portrait hangs in the place of honor
2
adherence to what is right or to a conventional standard of conduct.
I must as a matter of honor avoid any taint of dishonesty
Verb
1
regard with great respect.
they honore their parents in all they did
horrible
Adjective
1
causing or likely to cause horror; shocking.
a horrible massacre
horror
Noun
1
an intense feeling of fear, shock, or disgust.
children screamed in horror
household
Noun
1
a house and its occupants regarded as a unit.
the whole household was asleep
housing
Noun
1
houses and apartments considered collectively.
a housing development
humorous
Adjective
1
causing lighthearted laughter and amusement; comic.
a humorous and entertaining talk
hunt
Verb
1
pursue and kill (a wild animal) for sport or food.
in the autumn they hunted deer
2
search determinedly for someone or something.
he desperately hunted for a new job
Noun
1
an act of hunting wild animals or game.
a bear-hunt
2
a search.
police launched a hunt for the killer
hunting
Noun
1
the activity of hunting wild animals or game, especially for food or sport.
they talked about going hunting
hurricane
Noun
1
a storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean.
a powerful hurricane hit the Florida coast
hurry
Verb
1
move or act with great haste.
we’d better hurry
Noun
1
great haste.
in my hurry to leave I knocked over a pile of books
hurt
Adjective
1
physically injured.
he complained of a hurt leg and asked his trainer to stop the fight
Noun
1
physical injury; harm.
rolling properly into a fall minimizes hurt
Verb
1
cause physical pain or injury to.
Ow! You’re hurting me!
ideal
Adjective
1
satisfying one’s conception of what is perfect; most suitable.
the swimming pool is ideal for a quick dip
2
existing only in the imagination; desirable or perfect but not likely to become a reality.
in an ideal world, we might have made a different decision
Noun
1
a person or thing regarded as perfect.
you’re my ideal of how a man should be
illustrate
Verb
1
provide (a book, newspaper, etc.) with pictures.
the guide is illustrated with full-color photographs
illustration
Noun
1
a picture illustrating a book, newspaper, etc.
an illustration of a yacht
immigrant
Noun
1
a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
they found it difficult to expel illegal immigrants
impact
Noun
1
the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.
there was the sound of a third impact\
Verb
1
come into forcible contact with another object.
the shell impacted twenty yards away
2
have a strong effect on someone or something.
high interest rates have impacted on retail spending
impatient
Adjective
1
having or showing a tendency to be quickly irritated or provoked.
an impatient motorist blaring his horn
2
restlessly eager.
they are impatient for change
importance
impose
Verb
1
force (something unwelcome or unfamiliar) to be accepted or put in place.
the decision was theirs and was not imposed on them by others
2
take advantage of someone by demanding their attention or commitment.
she realized that she had imposed on Miss Hatherby’s kindness
impress
Verb
1
make (someone) feel admiration and respect.
they immediately impressed the judges
2
make a mark or design on (an object) using a stamp or seal; imprint.
she impressed the damp clay with her seal
Noun
1
an act of making an impression or mark.
bluish marks made by the impress of his fingers
impressed
Adjective
1
feeling or showing admiration or respect for someone or something.
I was very impressed with the results
2
(of a mark) applied to something using pressure.
the saddle was handsomely decorated with an impressed design of leaves and flowers
3
(of an electric current or potential) applied from an external source.
the total impressed voltage
