4 - SPECIALISED CELLS

Question 1

job of ciliated cell

Answer 1

• prevent lung damage by sweeping mucus and trapped dust and bacteria up to the throat so you can swallow them
• stomach acid then destroys bacteria

Question 2

where are ciliated cells found?

Answer 2

trachea and bronchi, down to lungs

Question 3

root hair cell: factz

Answer 3

• have large surface area to absorb water
• no chloroplasts
• absorb water and minerals from the soil

Question 4

red blood cell function and adaptation

Answer 4

• biconcave for a large surface area to absorb oxygen
• no nucleus: more space for haemoglobin
• carry oxygen
• contain haemoglobin to bind with oxygen

Question 5

sperm cell function and adaptations

Answer 5

• long tail for motility
• has enzymes in head to digest it‘s way into the egg cell
• made in the testes
• is the male gamete
• carries fathers DNA

Question 6

egg cell function and adaptations

Answer 6

• has yolk to act as a food source for developing embryo
• much larger and bulky than other animal cells
• special cell membrane that allows only one sperm to fertilise it
• female gamete
• carries mother‘s DNA

Question 7

palisade cell function and adaptations

Answer 7

• found in leaf
• thin to reduce diffusion distance
• large surface area to absorb more light
• large vacuole restricts chloroplasts to a layer near the outside of the cell where light can be reached
• full of chlorophyll to absorb light
• carries out photosynthesis