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PSYC3314 Adult Psychopathology 2023 > 4. Schizophrenia > Flashcards

4. Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

DF: A psychotic disorder with a loss of touch with reality, usually including hallucinations and confusion

A

Schizophrenia

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2
Q

Schizophrenia lifetime prevalence of -%

A

0.2-1.5%

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3
Q

Onset of schizophrenia is earlier in _______ (15-25 years) than ______ (25-35 years)

A

Men; Women

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4
Q

3 Groups of Symptoms of Schizophrenia

A
  1. Positive
  2. Negative
  3. Disorganised
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5
Q

DF: A sensory experience with the absence of environmental stimuli

A

Hallucination

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6
Q

Most common type of hallucination out of:

Visual, Auditory, Olfactory and Tactile

A

Auditory

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7
Q

DF: Fixed, false beliefs that are not consistent with a person’s cultural/societal background

A

Delusions

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8
Q

4 Types of delusions

A
  1. Grandeur
  2. Persecution
  3. Reference
  4. Control
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9
Q

DF: Reduced interest or ability to start an activity

A

Avolition

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10
Q

DF: Reduced speech output

A

Alogia

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11
Q

DF: Lack of pleasure in day to day activities

A

Anhedonia

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12
Q

DF: Reduced ability to express emotions

A

Affective flattening

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13
Q

DF: Lack of interest in social activities and relationships

A

Asociality

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14
Q

DF: A variety of erratic behaviours that affect speech, motor behaviour and emotional reactions

A

Disorganised symptoms

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15
Q

2 types of disorganised symptoms

A
  1. Disorganised speech and thought

2. Disorganised motor behaviour

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16
Q

Clinician-Rated Dimensions of _____________ Scale: Scored from 1-4 on the following symptom presentations:

  1. Hallucinations
  2. Delusions
  3. Disorganised speech
  4. Abnormal psychomotor behaviour
  5. Negative symptoms
  6. Impaired cognition
  7. Depression
  8. Mania
A

Symptom Severity

17
Q

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: Suggests brain injury early in the developmental period is a risk factor for later development of schizophrenia

A

Developmental

18
Q

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: Genes play a role in the development of schizophrenia

A

Genetic

19
Q

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: Brain structure and brain function abnormalities result in schizophrenia

A

Neurobiological

20
Q

Structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia:

A

Enlarged ventricles

21
Q

Brain functioning abnormalities in schizophrenia:

A

Under/overactivity in the prefrontal cortex

22
Q

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: People are born with a genetic vulnerability and certain circumstances can trigger this and make it worse

A

Psychological and social

23
Q

DF: An individual has a given vulnerability (e.g. Genetic disposition), that when acted upon by a stressful event, the symptoms of schizophrenia develop

A

Diasthesis-stress Model

24
Q

DF: Emotional communication style characteristed by high levels of criticism, expressed hostility and emotional overinvolvement

A

Expressed emotion

25
Q

Schizophrenia Treatment: 1st generation drugs (Haldol, Thorazine, Navane).
Effective for positive symptoms but ineffective for negative and cognitive symptoms, high risk of side-effects.

A

Typical Antipsychotics - Dopamine antagonists

26
Q

Schizophrenia Treatment: 2nd generation drugs (Risperal, Olanzapine, Clozapine) . Effective for both positive and negative symptoms, lower risk of side effects

A

Atypical (2nd Gen) Antipsychotics - Serotonin-Dopamine antagonists

27
Q

Schizophrenia Treatment: Focus on social skills training, partial hospitalisation, behavioural programs, structured activity schedule

A

Psychosocial interventions

28
Q

Schizophrenia Treatment: Encompasses behavioural family therapy, CBT, provision of support

A

Psychotherapy

29
Q

DF: An excess or distortion of normal behaviour

A

Positive symptoms

30
Q

2 Types of Positive Symptoms

A

Hallucinations and Delusions

31
Q

DF: A defect or loss in normal functioning

A

Negative Symptoms

32
Q

4A1W

5 Types of Negative Symptoms

A

Avolition,
Alogia,
Anhedonia,
Affective flattening,
Social Withdrawal,

33
Q

DSM-V diagnosis for Schizophrenia requires ____ symptoms (At least one must be 1, 2, or 3)

  1. Delusions
  2. Hallucinations
  3. Disorganised Speech
  4. Grossly Disorganised or Catatonic Behaviour
  5. Negative Symptoms
A

2 or more

34
Q

Side effects of Antipsychotics

A

Parkinsonion side effects, Akathesia,
Tardive Dyskinesia

35
Q

DF: Symptoms of Schizophrenia, episode which lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months, and for unknown reasons

A

Schizophreniform Disorder

36
Q

DF: Symptoms of Schizophrenia, delusions or hallucinations for at least 2 weeks in the absence in prominent mood symptoms, in addition to presence of a mood disorder

A

Schizoaffective Disorder

37
Q

DF: Presence of one or more delusions for at least 1 month, not better explained by other mental disorders

A

Delusional disorder

PSYC3314 Adult Psychopathology 2023 (12 decks)

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