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Angielski > 4. Respiration > Flashcards

4. Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

dome, dome-shaped

A

kopuła, kopulasty

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2
Q

rozgałęziony

A

branched

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3
Q

cylindryczny, w kształcie rury

A

cylindrical, tubular

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4
Q

atlas

A

is the topmost vertebra

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5
Q

kość krzyżowa

A

sacrum

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6
Q

pęcherzyk

A

alveolus - alveoli

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7
Q

alveoli

A

= air sacs

the tiny air sacs in the lungs through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the blood during respiration

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8
Q

oskrzelik

A

bronchiole

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9
Q

bronchiole

A

one of the smaller subdivisions of the bronchial tubes

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10
Q

oskrzele

A

bronchus - bronchi

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11
Q

bronchus

A

one of the larger air passageways in the lungs that begins as two branches of the trachea and then subdivide within the lungs

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12
Q

diaphragm

A

the dome-shaped muscle under the lungs that flattens during inspiration

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13
Q

epiglottis

A

leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea

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14
Q

nagłośnia

A

epiglottis

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15
Q

glottis

A

the opening between vocal cords

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16
Q

głośnia

A

glottis

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17
Q

larynx

A

the enlarged upper end of the trachea that contains the vocal cords

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18
Q

krtań

A

larynx, voice box

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19
Q

lobe

A

a structural unit of the lung

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20
Q

lung

A

a cone-shaped spongy organ of respiration contained within the thorax

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21
Q

nozdrza przednie

A

nares, nostrils

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22
Q

nares

A

the external opening of the nose

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23
Q

nose

A

the organ of the face used to breathing and for housing receptors for the sense of smell

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24
Q

pleura

A

a double-layered membrane that covers the lungs (visceral) and lines the thoracic cavity (pleural)

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25
Q

pharynx

A

a common passageway for food entering the oesophagus and air entering the larynx

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26
Q

opłucna

A

pleura

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27
Q

gardło

A

pharynx (med), throat

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28
Q

ribs

A

long curved bones which surround the chest, enabling the lungs to expand and thus facilitate breathing by expanding the chest cavity

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29
Q

trachea

A

the air passageway that extends from the larynx to the bronchi

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30
Q

jama ustna

A

oral cavity

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31
Q

jama nosowa

A

nasal cavity

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32
Q

ostroga

A

carina

bifurication of the trachea

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33
Q

voice box

A

larynx

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34
Q

air sacs

A

alveoli

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35
Q

windpipe

A

trachea

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36
Q

bellows

A

lungs

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37
Q

Process of respiration

A

Breathing begins with a cluster of nerve cells in the brain called the respiratory centre.
These cells send a simultaneous signal to the diaphragm and rob muscles, the muscles involved in inspiration
The rib muscles contract and the rib cage is pulled up.
The diaphragm is stimulated by a nerve impulse and it flattens.
The chest cavity is expanded and its volume increases.
The air pressure in the expanded lungs becomes lower than the pressure outside the body.
Air is sucked into the luns to balance the pressure.
Nerve stimulation stops briefly, the diaphragm and the rib muscles relax.
They fall to their normal position and the arch of the diaphragm is raised.
The volume of the lungs decreases which leads to an increase in air pressure inside the lungs.
The pressure of the air inside the lungs becomes higher than the atmospheric pressure and the air is forced out of the lungs.

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38
Q

szczekający, suchy kaszel

A

hacking cough, dry cough

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39
Q

mokry kaszel

A

productive cough

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40
Q

odkrztuszać

A

cough up
bring up
expectorate

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41
Q

chrypka

A

hoarse, husky voice

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42
Q

zapalenie migdałków

A

tonsillitis

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43
Q

obrzęknięty, nabrzmiały

A

engorged

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44
Q

pokryty nalotem

A

coated, furred

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45
Q

plwocina

A

sputum
spit
phlegm

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46
Q

zabarwiony krwią

A

blood-streaked

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47
Q

rozedma płuc

A

emphysema

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48
Q

osłabienie

A

general malaise

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49
Q

katar sienny

A

hay fever

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50
Q

mukowiscydoza

A

cystic fibrosis

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51
Q

bronchospasm

A

is spasmoduc contraction of the bronchi

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52
Q

krwioplucie

A

haemoptysis

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53
Q

ropny

A

purulent

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54
Q

zatkany nos

A

congested nose

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55
Q

sinica

A

cyanosis

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56
Q

pałeczkowate palce

A

finger clubbing

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57
Q

świsty

A

wheezing

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58
Q

wheezing

A

is a musical, whistling or hissing breathing sound, most often heard on expiration

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59
Q

barrel chest

A

= klatka beczkowata

it is rounded, enlarged chest, is often a symptom of emphysema

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60
Q

cystic fibrosis - symptoms

A

thick mucus which accumulates in the intestines and lungs

productive cough

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61
Q

nosocomial infection

A

acquired in a hospital or other health-care facility

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62
Q

szpitalna infekcja

A

nosocomial infection

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63
Q

congenital disease

A

present at birth

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64
Q

wrodzony

A

congenital

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65
Q

idiopathic disease

A

an illness of unknown cause

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66
Q

communicable/contagious disease

A

that can be transmitted from person to person

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67
Q

zakaźny

A

communicable

contagious

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68
Q

infectious disease

A

caused by an infection with pathogens

69
Q

hereditary disease

A

inherited from one’s parents

70
Q

dziedziczny

A

hereditary

71
Q

chronic disease

A

persistent or long-lasting in nature

72
Q

neoplastic disease

A

caused by a neoplasm

73
Q

community-acquired infection

A

= pozaszpitalna

contracted outside of a health care setting or an infection present on admission

74
Q

zarazić się

A

contract

75
Q

occupational disease

A

connected with the work environment

76
Q

zoonotic disease

A

transmitted from animals to human

77
Q

nutritional disease

A

caused by a lack of essential nutrients in the diet

78
Q

inflammatory

A

caused by inflammation

79
Q

degenerative disease

A

progressing over time

80
Q

childhood disease

A

usually developing in children

81
Q

geriatric disease

A

connected with senility (old age)

82
Q

allergic

A

connected with hypersensitivity to certain trigger factors

83
Q

fatal/ incurable disease

A

leading to death, impossible to be cured

84
Q

metabolic disease

A

chemical conversion disease affecting the body’s biochemical processes

85
Q

viral/ bacterial/ fungal/ parasitic

A

caused by viruses/ bacteria/ fungi/ parasites

86
Q

zapalenie płuc

A

pneumonia

87
Q

zapalenie oskrzeli

A

bronchitis

88
Q

zapalenie zatok

A

sinusitis

89
Q

gruźlica

A

tuberculosis

90
Q

pylica płuc

A

pneumoconiosis

91
Q

zapalenie krtani

A

laryngitis

92
Q

symptoms of rhinitis

A 
stuffy nose = nasal congestion
feel snotty (zasmarkany)
feel run down
nose starts to run = runny nose
sneezing
puffy eyes
slightly raised temperature
93
Q

nieżyt nosa, zapalenie śluzówki nosa

A

rhinitis

94
Q

symptoms of sinusitis

A 
sneezing
headache
can't bend forward
stuffy nose
thick and yellowish snot
feel dizzy
95
Q

dmuchać nos

A

blow nose

96
Q

symptoms of pneumonia

A 
wet/loose cough
rusty spit = blood-streaked
hoarse voice
be feverish/ febrile
got chills
gasping for air = dyspnea
whistling sound
chest pain
97
Q

rdzawa plwocina

A

rusty spit

98
Q

dyszeć, łapać powietrze

A

gasp for air

99
Q

symptoms of bronchitis

A 
sniffle
dry, hacking cough
cough up yellowish spit
high grafe fever
feel worn out
feel tickling and tightness in chest
rattling sounds
100
Q

pociągać nosem

A

sniffle

101
Q

symptoms of laryngitis

A

hoarse voice
can’t eat and drink
need to clean throat

102
Q

symptoms of tonsilitis

A 
sore throat
slightly raised temperature
patchy/blotchy throat
whitish and yellowish spots on the throat
problems with swallowing
103
Q

symptoms of emphysema

A 
short and rapid breathing
can't breathe out all the air
gasping for air
barrel chest
grayish skin
104
Q

wydzielina z nosa

A

nasal discharge

105
Q

runny nose

A

rhinorrhoea, coryza

106
Q

dizziness

A

vertigo, lightheadedness

107
Q

tussis

A

kaszel

108
Q

po wysiłku

A

on exertion

109
Q

whiplash

A

an injury to the cervical spine caused by an abrupt jerking motion of the head, either backward or forward

110
Q

wheezing

A

a continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in respiratory airways during breathing

111
Q

POCHP

A

COPD

= chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

112
Q

klin, klinowaty kształt

A

wedge, wedge-shaped

113
Q

lejek, lejkowaty

A

funnel, funnel-shaped

114
Q

obręcz

A

hoop

115
Q

płat

A

lobe

116
Q

kulisty

A

spherical

117
Q

piramidowaty

A

pyramidal

118
Q

stożkowaty

A

conical

119
Q

fimbrie

A

fimbriae

120
Q

dalszy podział

A

subdivision

121
Q

klaster/gromada/zbitek

A

cluster

122
Q

talia

A

waist

123
Q

pyłek

A

pollen

124
Q

podrażniać

A

irritate

125
Q

cienkie włosy

A

fine hair

126
Q

sprawdzać/ weryfikować (stan) pacjenta

A

check on the patient

127
Q

nabiegać krwią

A

engorge

128
Q

dolne drogi oddechowe

A

lower respiratory tract

129
Q

spazmatyczny/kurczowy

A

spasmodic

130
Q

syczenie

A

hissing

131
Q

nachylić się

A

lean forward

132
Q

zaczerwieniony

A

reddened

133
Q

zostać zdiagnozowany za pomocą

A

be diagnosed by means of

134
Q

starość

A

senility

135
Q

czynniki wyzwalające

A

trigger factors

136
Q

natarczywy/wytrwały

A

persistent

137
Q

pylica płuc

A

pneumoconiosis

138
Q

smark/glut

A

snot

139
Q

drgawki

A

chills, quakes

140
Q

nie jeść

A

be off food

141
Q

pociągać nosem

A

sniffle

142
Q

mokry kaszel

A

loose cough

productive cough

143
Q

suchy/rzężący

A

rattling

144
Q

tabletki na kaszel

A

cough sweets

145
Q

gardło z nalotem

A

patchy/blotchy throat

146
Q

gorączkowy

A

febrile/feverish

147
Q

przeziębienie/ nieżyt nosa

A

coryza

148
Q

bezdech

A

dyspnoea

149
Q

ożywić/wskrzesić

A

revive

150
Q

niezła walka

A

one hell of fight

151
Q

rozcięcia i obtarcia

A

cuts and grazes

152
Q

chrapać/sapać

A

wheeze

153
Q

wycharczeć

A

wheeze out

154
Q

nieproduktywny/suchy

A

nonproductive

155
Q

podczas wysiłku

A

on exertion

156
Q

siny

A

grayish

157
Q

szczepionka na grype

A

flu jab

158
Q

drżeć

A

shiver

159
Q

krople

A

droplets

160
Q

palenie fajki

A

pipe smoking

161
Q

szarpiący ruch

A

jerking motion

162
Q

nieruchomy

A

immovable

163
Q

błoniasty

A

membranous

164
Q

zapobiegać/powstrzymywać

A

stave off

165
Q

nagły/gwałtowny

A

abrupt

166
Q

szorstki dźwięk

A

coarse sound

167
Q

nasada kości piszczelowej

A

tibial shaft

168
Q

koić/łagodzić/uspokoić

A

soothe

169
Q

nierówny chodnik

A

uneven pavement

Angielski (14 decks)

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