4. Reproductive System Flashcards
Jeopardy!
During this stage of the development cycle, ovum and spermatozoa fuse together.
What is fertilization?
Fill the blank
Following fertilization, the diploid cell, called a zygote, can subsequently reproduce by ____ and transfer it’s DNA to the entire organism.
mitosis
Jeopardy!
Following fertilisation, this diploid cell containing the genetic material of both mother and father.
What is a zygote?
Jeopardy!
This process investigated at lenght during the previous unit allows for the production of haploid cell require for sexual reproduction.
What is meiosis?
Jeopardy
Name given to the developmental stage corresponding to the first two weeks after fertilization.
What is the zygote stage
Jeopardy
Name given to the stage of pregnancy that starts 2 weeks after fertilization and ends at 9 weeks.
What is the embryo stage?
Jeopardy
Name give to the stage of pregnancy that starts 9 weeks after fertilization and ends with birth.
What is the fetus stage?
jeopardy
Name of the stage of development that last from birth to 2 years
What is the baby stage?
jeopardy
Stage of development that last from 2 to 6 years.
What is the early childhood stage?
jeopardy
Stage of development that last from 6 to 10 years.
What is the childhood stage?
Jeopardy
Stage of development between 10 and 18 years
What is adolescence?
jeopardy
Period in human life known as adulthood
What is 18 to 70 years of age?
Jeopardy
This last developmental stage, starts at 70 and end with death.
What is old age?
Jeopardy
Period characterized be the changes that prepare the human body for the ability to reproduce.
What is puberty?
Fill the blanks
____ is the stage of development that marks a turning point between childhood and adulthood. It is a particularly important part of development because it includes ____.
- Adolescence
- puberty
Fill the blanks
The beginning of puberty is marked by a progressive increase in the production of ____ ____,
Sex hormones
FIll the blanks
____ and ____ are hormones secreted by the ____ ____. They stimulate the maturation of ova in females and the production of spermatozoa in male. They also stimulate the production of sex hormones by the ovaries in female (____ and ____) and by the testicles in male ( _____).
FSH
LH
pituitary gland
estrogens
progesterone
testosterone
Jeopardy
In human male, these 5 physical changes are associated with puberty.
What are:
1. maturation of genital
2. larynx becomes larger
3. facial\underarm and pubic hair
4. shoulders widen
5. increase in bone density and muscle mass?
Jeopardy
Psychological urge characteristic of puberty.
What is the need for independance?
Jeopardy
These 5 physical changes indicates that a female human as reach puberty.
What are:
1. Beginning of the menstrual cycle.
2. Breast developement
3. widening of pelvis (hips).
4. underarm and public hair.
5. accumulation of fatty tissue of hips and breast?
Jeopardy
For the human female, these 2 hormones produced by the pituitary gland stimulate the maturation of the ova and case the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone
What are:
1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Luteinizing hormones (LH)?
Hormones responsable for the maturation of spermatozoa and the production of testosterone by the testicules.
What are the Follicule stimulating hormone (FSH) and the Luteinizing hormones (LH).
Jeopardy
During this cyclical process, one oocyte develops into an ovum ready to be fertilized.
What is Oogenesis?
This hormone directs the ovary to select and mature an ovarian follicule.
What is Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)?
Jeopardy
Released by the maturing follicule, this hormone helps prepare the uterus to receive the egg.
What is Estrogen?
Jeopardy
Hormone that stimulates the release of the mature ovum from the ovary.
What is the Luteinizing hormone?
Process where a mature ovum is released from the ovary.
What is ovulation?
Jeopardy
This hormone prepares a healthy environment for the fetus to grow.
What is progesterone?
Effects associated with progesterone in the female body
What are:
1. Uterine lining build up and
2. Prevent uterus from shedding this lining?
Chemical messengers, which are transported by the blood and control the activity of one or more organs.
What are hormones?
These two hormone secreted in the brain by the pituitary gland are known to trigger puberty
What are follicule stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone?
Jeopardy
Number of days in the menstrual cycle
What is 28 days?
A sharp increase of LH around day 14 of the menstrual cycle accompany this event.
What is the release of the ovum (aka ovulation)
Mess following a quick drop of progesterone.
What is menstruation
Define
Infertility
The inability to conceive after 12 months
define
assisted reproduction
Refers to all medical procedures that help a
woman get pregnant
Define
Ovarian stimulation
uses hormones to stimulate ovaries into developing follicles, allowing mature ova to be released at the same time
Define
Artificial Insemination
Injecting semen directly into
the uterus on the day of ovulation
Define
In Vitro Fertilization
Involves fertilization of an ova by a sperm
cell in the lab, after 2-7 days the embryos are implanted into the uterus
Define
Oogenesis (and ovarian cycle): hormones responsible
FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone): directs the
ovary to select and mature an ovarian follicle.
Estrogen: released by the maturing follicle to help
prepare the uterus to receive a fertilized egg.
LH (Luteinizing hormone): stimulates the release of
the mature ovum from the ovary (ovulation).
Progesterone: helps the uterine lining to build up,
preparing a healthy environment for a fetus to grow,
and prevents the uterus from shedding this lining.
Define
Menopause
Woman over 40 with no menstruation for over a
year
Ovarian and menstrual cycle ends
Hot flashes, mood swings, bone loss
Define
Spermatogenesis
Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) is secreted by the
pituitary gland to cause testicles to create spermatozoa
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is secreted by the pituitary gland
to cause testicles to create testosterone
Testosterone is produced by the testicles and helps regulate
spermatozoa production
Define
Erection
When blood fills the erectile tissue of the penis, causing it to become rigid and increase in volume
Define
Ejaculation
Semen projected through urethra and
out penis
Define
Ejaculation
Semen projected through urethra and
out penis
Define
Andropause
When men get older hormone levels and sperm
production decrease
This does not affect fertility like in women
What is
The Male growth Hormone
Testosterone
What are
The Female growth hormones
Estrogen and Progesterone
Complete the blanks
Each oocyte is surrounded by a layer of cells called an ____ ____
Ovarian Follicule
