4 personality and values

Question 1

definition personality

Answer 1

dynamic concept describing the growth and development of a person’s whole psychological system. The same of says in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Question 2

Measuring personality;

Answer 2

1. Self surveys.
2. Observable surveys: someone else independently assess my personality.

The reports between these two types of tests are quite strongly correlated.

The latter predicts job success more than self-ratings.

Question 3

Where does personality come from?

Answer 3

Heredity and environment.

Question 4

Psychometric best practices to determine quality of assessment: aka criteria for high quality personality assessments.

Answer 4

1. valid
2. reliable
3. robust
4. generalisable
5. matters: impact distinctly and identifiable relationships with (performance) outcomes.

Question 5

relationship between personality traits and job performance;

Answer 5

no CLEAR, STRAIGHTFORWARD relationship, other factors to take into account.

Question 6

Basic definition Situation Strength Theory

Answer 6

The way personality translates into behaviour depends on the strength of the situation.

Question 7

What is weak and what is strong in SST? (4cs)

Answer 7

1. Clarity - degree to which your work duties are available and clear, or not.
2. Consistency - the extent to which cues regarding work duties are compatible with one another, not.
3. Constraints - the extent to which individuals’ freedom are able to decide or act, or are dictated by forces outside of there control and can’t decide.
4. Consequences - the degree to which actions have important implications for organisations, clients and so on, or not.

The weaker they are, the more important personality is.

Question 8

Trait Activation Theory (TAT)

Answer 8

Some situations, events, or interventions “activate” a trait more than others;

i.e. ADHD, in some situations; ness negative characteristics can become positive.

Question 9

definition values

Answer 9

basic convictions about what is right, good, or desirable; and what we believe in.

Question 10

Value system definition

Answer 10

ranks values in terms of intensity

Question 11

Types of values; two ways to look at them (Milton Rokeach)

Answer 11

1. Terminal values: desirable end-states of existence; the goals someone wants to achieve during their lifetime; once we reach/fail them, we cancel lost-
2. Instrumental values: preferred modes of behaviour or means of achieving terminal values,
   How do you want to go through life to achieve your goals.
   You cannot really reach instrumental values, but you can align with them (or not).