4-Myology

Question 1

Types of muscle tissue

Answer 1

–Skeletal
–Smooth
–Cardiac

Question 2

Skeletal muscle organization
–Muscle fiber bundles

Answer 2

Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium

Question 3

• Skeletal muscle organization
-Muscle fiber arrangement

Answer 3

Strap/parallel
• Fusiform
Pennate or penniform

Question 4

–Muscle on the side of the limb toward which a joint bends

Answer 4

Flexor

Question 5

Muscle on the opposite side of flexor muscles

Answer 5

Extensor

Question 6

Muscles that tend to pull a limb toward the median plane

Answer 6

Adductors

Question 7

Those that tend to move a limb away from the median plane

Answer 7

Abductors

Question 8

 Muscle that surround an opening, whether striated or smooth

Answer 8

Sphincters

Question 9

Found in the superficial fascia between the skin and the
deep fascia covering the skeletal muscle

Attach to the skin, responsible for the movement of the skin

Answer 9

Cutaneous Muscle

Question 10

A synovial sac between two structures that tend to rub against

Answer 10

Bursa

Question 11

Resembles an elongated bursa with the edges of the bursa

Surrounds a tendon over a great distance and facilitates

Answer 11

SYNOVIAL SHEATH

Question 12

The double fold of membrane formed where the edges of the synovial sheath meet is the

Answer 12

MESOTENDON

Question 13

a synovial sheath has three parts

Answer 13

Exotendon
Endotendon
Mesotendon

Question 14

between tendon of infraspinatus and caudal part of greater tubercle of humerus

Answer 14

Infraspinatus bursa

Question 15

underlies the biceps tendon
between greater and lesser tubercle of humerus

Answer 15

Intertubercular Bursa

Question 16

bursa over the olecranon tuber –
inconstant

Answer 16

Subcutaneous Olecranon

Question 17

bursa on the dorsal surface of
the carpus

Answer 17

Subcutaneous (precarpal)

Question 18

extensors lies between the cannon bone and tendon of these muscles

Answer 18

Subtendinous bursa of common and lateral digital

Question 19

between deep flexor tendon and
navicular bone

Answer 19

Navicular Bursa

Question 20

are found only in distal part of limb.

Answer 20

Synovial Sheaths

Question 21

Synovial Sheaths in the Forelimb of Horses

 Common sheath enclosing tendons of superficial and deep flexors. Begins 10 cm above radio-carpal joint and ends at
middle of metacarpus.

Answer 21

Carpal Sheath

Question 22

Synovial Sheaths in the Forelimb of Horses

 Encloses deep and superficial flexor tendons. Begins in distal fourth of metacarpus and ends at middle of 2nd phalanx.

Answer 22

DIGITAL SHEATH

Question 23

between the accessory gluteal and lower part of the greater trochanter

Answer 23

Trochanteric bursa

Question 24

peculiarity in the intermediate ligament

Answer 24

Proximal infrapatellar bursa

Question 25

lies under the distal end of the same ligament above

Answer 25

Distal infrapatellar bursa

Question 26

bursa between the calcanean tuber and cap of the SF tendon

Answer 26

Subtendinous calcanean

Question 27

–inconstant lies in the same position as above but under the skin

Answer 27

Subcutaneous calcanean bursa

Question 28

of the medial tibialis cranialis tendon

Answer 28

Subtendinous (cunean) bursa

Question 29

between the deep flexor and the navicular bone

Answer 29

Navicular bursa

Question 30

animals have shoulder girdle. Only the scapula is well developed. The coracoid element has become fused to the scapula. The clavicle is either completely absent or is a small rudiment embedded in the braciocephalic muscle.

Answer 30

Domestic Animals

Question 31

Muscles acting on the Shoulder Girdle • In domestic animals, the chief movement is a pendulous swing forward and backward of the distal end of the bone: ▫ Trapezius ▫ Rhomboideus ▫ Serratus ventralis ▫ Omotransversarius

Answer 31

EXTRINSIC MUSCLES

Question 32

small muscle in the superficial fascia over the extensor carpi radialis muscle in carnivores – It runs with the cephalic vein on the cranial aspect of the forearm – Roughly the same size as the vein for which it may be mistaken in venipuncture

Answer 32

Brachioradialis

Question 33

has tendons to each digit (dog-5, horse-1, ruminants-2) except in pig which has only 2 for its 4 digits –In horses, inserts on proximal end of middle phalanx and distal end of proximal phalanx which prevent “dorsal buckling” (hyperflexion)

Answer 33

Superficial Digital Flexor

Question 34

a tendinous band connecting the tendon of sdf to the radius ▫ Plays a part in the stay apparatus known as the “redial head”, “proximal check lig.”, “superior check lig.”, and “radial check lig”

Answer 34

Accessory Ligament of the Superficial Digital Flexor

Question 35

a tendinous band connecting tendon of ddf to the palmar carpal ligament ▫ Syn: “distal check lig”, “carpal check lig” and “inferior check lig

Answer 35

Accesory Ligament of the Deep Digital Flexor

Question 36

another term for interosseous muscle in the horse –Plays a role in the stay apparatus and locomotion

Answer 36

Suspensory Ligament

Question 37

the area bounded by the sartorius muscle cranially, pectineus muscle caudally and body wall dorsally

Answer 37

Femoral Triangle

Question 38

has the following boundaries: –Anterior – sartorius –Posterior – pectineus –Medial – gracilis and femoral fascia –Lateral – ilio-psoas and medial vastus • The contents of the this are: –Femoral artery –Femoral vein –Saphenous nerve –Deep inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 38

FEMORAL CANAL

Question 39

The site for pulse taking in carnivores, since femoral artery passes through it

Answer 39

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

Question 40

most powerful muscle that close the jaw

Answer 40

Masseter

Question 41

– close the jaw

Answer 41

Pterygoideus

Question 42

opens the mouth

Answer 42

Digastricus

Question 43

Muscles of Mastication

Answer 43

• Temporalis • Masseter – most powerful muscle that close the jaw • Pterygoideus – close the jaw • Digastricus – opens the mouth

Question 44

Muscles of Facial Expression or Mimetic Muscles

Answer 44

• Auricular muscles •orbicularis oris, caninus, levator nasolabialis, buccinator, mentalis, zygomaticus • orbicularis oculi, frontalis, retractor anguli oculi

Question 45

Group of muscles dorsal to the transverse process –Make up the loin muscles • The longissimus system • Transversospinalis system • Iliocostalis system • Splenius • Complexus

Answer 45

Epaxial muscles

Question 46

Muscles ventral to the transverse process of the vertebrae – major psoas, minor psoas, iliacus

Answer 46

Hypaxial muscles

Question 47

fibrous cord formed by the joining of the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles from both sides

Answer 47

–Linea alba –

Question 48

• The passageway for abdominal structures out of the abdomen • A collapsed canal between the deep and superficial inguinal ring • The testicle descends through the inguinal canal just before or after birth to reach the scrotum

Answer 48

Inguinal Canal