4. Immunology

Question 1

IL2

Answer 1

Released by CD4 cells

T cell maturation

Question 2

IL4

Answer 2

Released by CD4 cells

B cell maturation into plasma cells

Question 3

IF-gamma

Answer 3

Activates macrophages

Question 4

Infections associated with cell mediated immunity deficit

Answer 4

Intracellular infections

1. TB
2. Viruses

Question 5

MHC1

Answer 5

Activates CD8 cells
On all nuceated cells
Stimulates cytotoxic T cells
Clear viral infections

Question 6

MHC2

Answer 6

Activated CD4 cells
Presents on APCs
Stimulates Ab formation
Clear bacterial infections

Question 7

Natural Killer Cells

Answer 7

Not restricted by MHC
Target cells needs:
1. Activation signal
2. No MHC1 (negative signal)

Question 8

IgM

Answer 8

Initial Ab
Largest w/ 5 domains
MC Ab in the spleen

Question 9

IgG

Answer 9

Most abundant
Secondary immune response
X placenta

Question 10

IgA

Answer 10

Secretions: Peyer’s patch, breast milk

Question 11

IgD

Answer 11

Membrane-bound receptor on B cells

Question 12

IgE

Answer 12

Allergic reactions, parasites

T1 HS reactions

Question 13

Ab regions

Answer 13

Variable region: Ag recognition

Fc Fragment: Recognized by PMNs, macrophages, and NKC

Question 14

T1 HS Reactions

Answer 14

Mech: IgE receptors on mast cells and basophils release His, Ser, and BradyK
Ex: Bee sting, peanuts, hay fever
Tx: epinephrine

Question 15

T2 HS Reactions

Answer 15

Mech: IgG or IgM reactions with cell-bound Ag
Ex: ABO incompatibility, hyper-acute rejection, m. gravis

Question 16

T3 HS Reactions

Answer 16

Mech: Immune complex deposition
Ex: Serum sickness, SLE

Question 17

T4 HS Reactions

Answer 17

Mech: APC’s px Ag to CD4 which activate mphage
- No Ab inolvement
Ex: TB skin test, contact dermatitis

Question 18

Major sources of histamine in the blood

Answer 18

1. Mast cells

2. Basophils

Question 19

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 19

Primary- liver, bone, thymus

Secondary- spleen, LNs

Question 20

IL1

Answer 20

Endogenous pyogen

Question 21

IL10

Answer 21

Largest inhibitor of inflammatory process

Question 22

Non-tetanus prone wound

Answer 22

Give tetanus toxoid if:

1. Pt has recieved < 3 doses
2. Status is unknown
3. > 10 years since booster

Question 23

Tetanus prone wound

Answer 23

Criteria: > 6h old, contamination, devitalized tissue, crush, burn, frost bite, missle
Always give toxoid unless:
1. Pt has received > 3 doses AND < 5 years since booster
Give immune globulin if: non-immunized or status unknown

Question 24

C. Tetani

Answer 24

G+ anaerobe
Causes tetanus
1st sign is trismus