4 - General

Question 1

When was Zahid Mubarak born?

Answer 1

23/10/1980

Question 2

Where was Zahid Mubarak born?

Answer 2

London

Question 3

When did Zahid Mubarak die?

Answer 3

21/03/2000

Question 4

Where did Zahid Mubarak die?

Answer 4

Feltham Young Offenders Institute

Question 5

What was Zahid Mubarak’s cause of death?

Answer 5

Racially motivated murder

Question 6

What happened on 29/04/2004?

Answer 6

Home Secretary David Blunkett announces inquiry

Question 7

What happened on 29/06/2006?

Answer 7

Mr Justice Keith published his Inquiry Report

Question 8

Why was Zahid Mubarek sent to prison?

Answer 8

He was sent to Feltham Young Offenders Institute for 90 days after being found guilty of stealing razors and interfering with a motor vehicle.

Question 9

Robert Stewart

1993

Answer 9

Convicted of Arson

Question 10

Robert Stewart

1997

Answer 10

First Prison Sentence for burglary and other offences.

Question 11

Robert Stewart

2000

Answer 11

Multiple convictions for Violence, Robbery and Harassment until 2000.

Question 12

Robert Stewart

General

Answer 12

Known to hold racist views

Question 13

Inquiry Highlights

Answer 13

Zahid Mubarek was murdered at Feltham in 2000. The Inquiry highlighted a range of failings across the prison estate and by individual officers but also with Feltham as an establishment. Key issues included staff shortages, overcrowding, lack of investment, poor industrial relations, and poor race relations.

Question 14

HM Prison Service Apology

Answer 14

Following Zahid Mubarek’s death, Martin Narey, the Director General of the Prison Service at the time, told his family: ‘You had a right to expect us to look after Zahid safely and we have failed. I am very, very sorry’. Zahid’s death was preventable and there is no doubt that action has been taken by the Prison Service in response. There are now better systems in place to make it less likely that a violent racist could be placed in a cell with a vulnerable prisoner, to ensure that a prisoner has someone they can turn to for help and support, and to identify and tackle unequal or discriminatory treatment.

Question 15

Thompson’s PCS Model

Answer 15

According to Thompson (1997, 2006), the workings of oppression can be analysed using a model that examines three levels – P (personal) C (cultural) and S (structural):
Personal (P) Level

Question 16

Thompson’s PCS Model

Personal

Answer 16

This is normally concerned with an individual’s views, particularly in the case of a prejudice against a certain group of people. For example, this could relate to a young person who makes racist comments. It is purely related to individual actions and you are likely to come into contact with this in practice. The ‘P’ is located in the middle of the diagram, because that individual has his beliefs and ideas supported through two other levels…

Question 17

Thompson’s PCS Model

Cultural

Answer 17

This analysis relates to the ‘shared values’ or ‘commonalties’. For example, shared beliefs about what is right and wrong, good or bad, can form a consensus.

Question 18

Thompson’s PCS Model

Structural

Answer 18

This analysis demonstrates how oppression is ‘sewn into the fabric’ of society through institutions that support both cultural norms and personal beliefs. Some institutions such as sections of the media, religion and the government can cement the beliefs.

Question 19

Three Reports

Answer 19

Keith Report

Report of the Commission for Racial Equality

The Prison Service Inquiry Report.

Question 20

Core Issues

Answer 20

Prison Service failed to keep Zahid safe

Prison Service failed to share information across establishments and between departments, inadequate processes and poor training of staff.

Probation service processes criticised

88 Recommendations in total

Question 21

A preventable Death?

Answer 21

Stewart beat Mubarek to death using a table leg from in-cell furniture whilst Zahid was sleeping

A known racist with undiagnosed but well documented mental health and behavioural issues

Placed in a cell with a young naive Asian male

Previous convictions for violence

Culture of racism amongst some prison officers including suggestion that staff deliberately put white and British Minority Ethnic (BME) prisoners in cells together