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VPH 122 > 4. Dengue > Flashcards

4. Dengue Flashcards

1
Q

Positive-sense
single-stranded RNA

A

Dengue virus

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2
Q

Dengue

Family:
Genus:

A

Dengue

Family: Flaviviridae
Genus: Flavivirus

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3
Q

(4) antigenically-related dengue serotypes:

A

DENV 1, 2, 3, 4

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4
Q

First recorded Dengue in Southeast Asia occurred in ___ in 1954

A

Manila

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5
Q

How many are at risk of Dengue in the world’s population?

A

over 50%

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6
Q

Number of Dengue infections occurring each year?

A

100-400 M

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7
Q

How many deaths (Dengue)?

A

21,000

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8
Q

Dengue cases in the PH?

A

48, 109

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9
Q

Deaths in the PH (Dengue)

A

176

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10
Q

Top 3 places with highest number of cases of Dengue?

A
  1. NCR
  2. CALABARZON (Region 4A)
  3. Central Luzon (Region 3)
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11
Q

Dengue outbreaks

Season:
Months:

A

Dengue outbreaks

Season: wet season
Months: June - February

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12
Q

Dengue incident rate was highest among ___ age of children.

with over 80% of dengue related deaths occurring among individuals of less than 20 years of age

A

5-14 y.o.

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13
Q

(4) Aedes spp. that transmits Dengue

A

1) A. aegyptii
2) A. albopictus
3) Ae. polynesiensis
4) Ae. niveus (Asia)

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14
Q

The adult mosquitoes feed on humans during ______ hours

A

daylight

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15
Q

are two peaks of biting activity of Dengue

A
  1. early morning for 2-3 hours after daybreak
  2. afternoon for several hours
    before dark
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16
Q

A. aegyptii females often feed on several persons during a ____ blood meal

increasing the transmission rate

A

single

17
Q

DENV virus replicates in the mosquito’s _____________

A

midgut

18
Q

Extrinsic incubation period: ______ days at 25 30 C.

A

7 - 14 days (before it becomes infectious)

19
Q

Human-mosquito transmission can occur up to

A

1) 2 days before onset of symptoms

2) up to 2 days after fever has resolved

20
Q

Is there a vertical transmission in Dengue?

A

rare

21
Q

This type of cycles account for a small percentage of the global extent of the human case record, but could be increasing in relevance in
- Asia
- Africa
- South America

A

Sylvatic cycle (in Africa)

22
Q

________________ appear
to be the only amplification and
reservoir hosts of Dengue

A

Non-Human Primates (NHP)

23
Q

Dengue mosquito in South East Asia

A

Ae. niveus spp.

24
Q

Dengue virus can infect at least 84 species of ____ animal types

including 28 species of non-human primates

A

23

25
Q

Kato et al. (2011) demonstrated a “spillback event” in __________ in the Philippines, proving that NHPs can be involved in the human/urban DENV cycle

A

cynomolgous macaques

26
Q

Infection with ____ can result in asymptomatic infection to severe, potentially life threatening
disease.

A

any of the four DENV

27
Q

Incubation period: ____ after the bite of the infected mosquito

A

4 - 10 days

28
Q

Symptomatic clinico-pathological features in HUMANS

A
  • Non-specific febrile illness
  • Classical dengue fever
  • Dengue haemorrhagic fever
  • Dengue haemorrhagic fever with dengue shock syndrome, encephalopathy and liver failure
29
Q

After an infection with a DENV:

___________________________A person infected with DENV-1 cannot become ill as a result of DENV-1 infection again.

A

Lifelong type specific-immunity

30
Q

After an infection with a DENV:

____ is against other DENV types for about 2
to 6 months.

A

Short-term cross-immunity

31
Q

gold standard laboratory tests to confirm dengue virus

A

PCR of whole blood

32
Q

Other tests for Dengue: (2)

A

1) NAAT-LAMP
2) PRNT

33
Q

Gold standard to characterize and quantify circulating level of anti-DENV neutralizing antibody (NAb)

A

Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT)

34
Q
  • Requested between 1-5 days of illness
  • Use to detect dengue virus antigen during early phase of acute dengue infection
  • Test is for free in all health centers and selected public hospitals nationwide
A

Dengue NS1 RDT

35
Q
  • Done beyond 5 days of illness
  • May cross react with other arboviral diseases such as Chikungunya and Zika
A

Dengue IgM / IgG

36
Q

Is there a vaccine for Dengue?

A

YES

CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) - a live recombinant tetravalent dengue vaccine for 9-45 y.o.

37
Q

3-dose series of Dengvaxia

A

0 / 6 / 12 month schedule

VPH 122 (15 decks)

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